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Classifying Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Ms. Ward 8 th Grade Science. Classifying Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures. (1) The chemical formula for a substance called sodium nitrate is NaNO 3 . What elements make up sodium nitrate?  

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Classifying Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

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  1. Ms. Ward 8th Grade Science Classifying Matter:Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

  2. (1) The chemical formula for a substance called sodium nitrate is NaNO3. What elements make up sodium nitrate?   A. sodium and nobelium B. sodium and nitrogen  C. nitrogen and nobelium  D. sodium, nitrogen, and oxygen   (2) Which of the following compounds contains the greatest number of atoms?  A. CO2  B. C22H46  C. C6H12O6  D. CH4 Bell Ringer

  3. During this class, you will describe the difference between elements and compounds. Objective

  4. Cake Ingredients Video Clip

  5. Take out a sheet of paper and make a chart like the example on the board. 5

  6. Element • An element is a pure chemical substance made of same type of atom. • Elements are distinguished by their atomic number (number of protons in their nucleus). • Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. • There are about 117 elements that have been observed. Can be classified as metal, non-metal or metalloid. • An element is represented using symbols. • Argon (Ar), Hydrogen (H), Fluorine (F), copper (Cu), Sodium (Na), Oxygen (O), Zinc (Zn) 6

  7. Compound • A compound contains atoms of different elements chemically combined together in a fixed ratio. • Compounds contain different elements in a fixed ratio arranged in a defined manner through chemical bonds. • A compound can be separated into simpler substances by chemical methods/reactions. • A compound is represented using a formula. • Water (H2O), Sodium chloride-Table Salt (NaCl), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Glucose (C6H12O6) 7

  8. Molecule • MOLECULE - a group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical bonds. A molecule may consist of atoms of a single element, as with nitrogen (N2), or of different elements, as with water (H2O). Some molecules can be called compounds, but NOT all. • Examples of MOLECULES (using symbols) are… • O2 (oxygen) • C12H22O11 (sugar) • N2 (nitrogen) • H2O (water) • C2H6O (alcohol) • P4S3 (match heads) • C8H9NO2 (tylenol) • H2 (hydrogen) • CS2 (insecticide) • KClO3 (disinfectant) 8

  9. A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined. substances held together by physical forces, not chemical No chemical change takes place Each item retains its properties in the mixture They can be separated physically Mixture Chem4kids.com

  10. You will be shown a series of photos. Tell if each photo represents an item composed of an element, compound, or mixture. Review: An element contains just one type of atom. A compound contains two or more different atoms joined together. A mixture contains two or more different substances that are only physically joined together, not chemically. A mixture can contain both elements and compounds. Can you identify the following?

  11. Rocks Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  12. Rocks Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  13. Copper Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  14. Copper Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  15. Jelly Beans Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  16. Jelly Beans Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  17. Table Sugar Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  18. Table Sugar Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  19. Diamond Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  20. Diamond Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  21. Tea Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  22. Tea Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  23. Salt Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  24. Salt Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  25. Neon Gas Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  26. Neon Gas Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  27. Salad Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  28. Salad Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  29. Pure Water Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  30. Pure Water Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  31. Aluminum Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  32. Aluminum Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  33. Lemonade Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  34. Lemonade Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  35. Silver Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  36. Silver Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  37. Sand Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  38. Sand Element, Compound, or Mixture?

  39. Write-Up • Compare and Contrast Elements vs. Compounds in complete sentences. Summarize what you have written in about three to four sentences. 39

  40. During this class period, you described the difference between elements and compounds. What is an element? What is a compound? Tomorrow, you willdemonstrate your knowledge on common chemical symbols and formulas and describe the difference between elements and compounds. (DOK 2, 2a) Closure

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