CP Biology Final Review 2014-15

1. CP Biology Final Review2014-15 Turning Point/Power Point Review

2. What is the process of making copies of DNA before a cell divides called? • A. mitosis • B. transformation • C. replication • D. translation

3. When cells grow out of control it is called? • Cancer • Meiosis • Mitosis • Cytokinesis

4. What is the reason cells have to stay small? • The surface area/volume ratio increases and materials can move efficiently out of the cell. • The surface area/volume ratio decreases and materials can move efficiently out of the cell. • The cells don’t like to grow because they won’t have room to move 0 of 30

5. Endosymbiotic theory suggests that eukaryotic cell developed from • Communities formed by prokaryotes • Multicellular prokaryotes • Communities of eukaryotes 10 Countdown

6. The first organisms on Earth were most like today’s • Bacteria • Eukaryotes • Multicellular organisms • DNA Molecules 10 Countdown

7. Sharks, dolphins and penguins all have streamlined bodies and appendages that enable them to move through water. This is a result of • Coevolution • Asexual rerproduction • Convergent evolution 10 Countdown

8. Genetic variation or gene shuffling are most often the result of • Mutations • Mitosis • Adaptations • Sexual reproduction 10 Countdown

9. In humans the tailbone is an example of • Analogous structure • Natural variation • Vestigial structure • Homologous structure 10 Countdown

10. The Earth is believed to be how old ? • 3.8 million years • 50 million years • 3.5 billion years • 4.5 billion years 10 Countdown

11. It is believed that life on Earth began • 1 million years ago • 2 million years ago • 3.5 billion years ago • 10 billion years ago 10 Countdown

12. Which type of mutation results in an extra chromosome in a human karyotype • Frameshift • Nondisjunction • Translocation • duplication 10 Countdown

13. The mutation which results if one or more nucleotide was added to DNA • Inversion • Nondisjunction • Duplication • Frameshift 10 Countdown

14. Just as whales have vestigial leg & hip bones, humans have which of the following organs that are vestigial? • Arm & leg bones • Tail bones & an appendix • Gill slits & pinky fingers • All of the above are vestigial in humans 10 Countdown

15. Which of the following scientist presented research that showed that the earth changed over many millions of years? • Charles Darwin • Francesco Redi • James Hutton & Charle’s Lyell • Thomas Malthus & Lynn Margulis 10 Countdown

16. When allele frequency in a population remains constant this is called_________ and it involves _______selection. • Genetic drift; directional • Genetic equilibrium; stablizing • Cloning; natural • Gene pool vigor; disruptive 10 Countdown

17. Which best describes a mutation? 1. A change in phenotype, but not genotype 2. A change in genotype, but not phenotype 3. A change in the sequence of DNA 4.A change in the rate of the reproduction of cells 10 Countdown

18. A good example of geographic isolation of a gene pool • the effect of being separated on an island • Habitat fragmentation that prevents panda bears from mating • Long winged flies mating with only other long winged flies due to higher height of flight • all of the above are examples 10 Countdown

19. Half –life is described as • Amount of time it takes for half of the radioactive material in a dead organism to decay • The life span of a fossil • Time it takes for a period of geological to elapse • None of the above 0 of 30 10 Countdown

20. Which of the following concepts is NOT part of Darwin’s natural selection theory? • Competition for resources • Variations exist in each and every species • Survival of the fittest • Inheritance of acquired characteristics 10 Countdown

21. Which of the following is the proper eras of time in order from most recent to distant past? • Cenozoic, mesozoic, paleozoic, precambrian • Paleozoic, mesozoic, cenozoic, precambrian • Mesozoic, precambrian, paleozoic, cenozoic 4. Precambrian, paleozoic, mesozoic, cenozoic 10 Countdown

22. Sunlight, water and carbon dioxideare combined into sugars during • A. Respiration • B. Cellular respiration • C. Protein synthesis • D. Photosynthesis 10 Countdown

23. Organisms that can make their own food are: • Heterotrophs • Phentotrophs • Autotrophs • Fungi 10 Countdown

24. Photosynthesis is affected by • A. Light intensity • B. Oxygen • C. sugar • D. starch 10 Countdown

25. Cellular respiration releases • A. Oxygen • B. Sugar • C. Starch • D. Energy 10 Countdown

26. The reactants for cellular respiration are • A. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide • B. Carbon Dioxide and Water • C. Water and Oxygen • D. Oxygen and Sugar 10 Countdown

27. 2 ATP molecules are produced during • A. Glycolysis • B.. Photosynthesis • C. Cellular Respiration • D. Respiration 10 Countdown

28. The type of fermentation that occurs in muscles is • A. Lactic Acid • B. Alcoholic • C. Mitochondrial • D. Lysosomic 10 Countdown

29. When ATP releases energy, what type of bond is broken • A. High Energy • B. Low Energy • C. Medium Energy • D. All of the Above 10 Countdown

30. The waste product of Krebs cycle is • A. Energy • B. Oxygen • c. Carbon Dioxide • d. Sugar 10 Countdown

31. A heterotroph is an organism that • A. Is a consumer • B. Is a Producer • C. Is an Autotroph 10 Countdown

32. In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes become visible? • Prophase • Interphase • Metaphase • Telophase 10 Countdown

33. Which of the following is a phase of mitosis? 30 • Cytokinesis • S phase • Telophase • Interphase 14 10 Countdown

34. The “father” of Genetics is? • Darwin • Mendel • Franklin • Watson 10 Countdown

35. Two plants with the genotype YY and Yy • Have all dominant alleles • Have all recessive alleles • Would have the same phenotype • Would have different phenotypes 10 Countdown

36. What process produces gametes? • Meiosis • Crossing over • Mitosis • Replication 10 Countdown

37. When one allele is not completely dominant over another it is called… • Multiple alleles • Codominant alleles • Incomplete dominance • Multiple genes 17 of 30 10 Countdown

38. Mendel allowed the F1 generation to self-pollinate, the offspring were… • Medium height • All tall • All short • Some tall & some short 10 Countdown

39. Mendel used pea plants to study… • How to raise the best peas • How plant gametes are formed • The inheritance of traits • How plants cross pollinated 10 Countdown

40. Meiosis results in cells called • Somatic Cells • Gametes • Diploid Cells • Body Cells 10 Countdown

41. The principles of genetics apply to • Biotic Factors • Plants • Animals • Abiotic Factors 10 Countdown

42. Cells produced during meiosis are _____, cells produced during mitosis are______ . • Diploid, haploid • 2n, n • Haploid, diploid • Somatic, gametes 10 Countdown

43. A DNA nucleotide consists of: • Phosphate group, deoxyribose, nitrogenous base • Phosphate group, ribose, nitrogenous base • Nitrogen group, deoxyribose, phosphate base • Nitrogen group, ribose, phosphate base 10 Countdown

44. RNA contains the sugar • Deoxyribose • Glucose • Fructose • Ribose 10 Countdown

45. What is the process of translation? • DNA is made from mRNA • mRNA is used to make proteins • DNA is copied • rRNA is used to make proteins 10 Countdown

46. Mutations of one nucleotide are called • Chromosomal mutations • Translocation • Inversion • Point mutations 10 Countdown

47. A normal human male has ______ chromosomes and ____ sex chromosomes • 23, XY • 23, XX • 46, XX • 46, XY 10 Countdown

48. Sickle-cell disease in a human is caused by • A single gene change in DNA that results in different amino acids • A multiple gene change in DNA that results in different amino acids • A single gene change in DNA that results in the same amino acids • A multiple gene change in DNA that results in the same amino acids 10 Countdown