1 / 60

CNV Annual Meeting 4 th July 2014 Petra Pjevac

Co-existence and niche differentiation of sulfur oxidizing bacteria in marine environments. CNV Annual Meeting 4 th July 2014 Petra Pjevac. Introduction: Niches. Ecological Niche. …the position a species occupies in an n-dimensional environment... (G.E. Hutchinson, 1957). 1.

laurie
Download Presentation

CNV Annual Meeting 4 th July 2014 Petra Pjevac

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Co-existence and niche differentiation of sulfur oxidizing bacteria in marine environments CNV Annual Meeting 4thJuly 2014 Petra Pjevac

  2. Introduction: Niches Ecological Niche …the position a species occupies in an n-dimensional environment... (G.E. Hutchinson, 1957) 1

  3. Introduction: Niches Ecological Niche …the position a species occupies in an n-dimensional environment... (G.E. Hutchinson, 1957) 120°C 0°C / M 1 M 2

  4. Introduction: Niches Fundamental Niche …the position a species can occupy in an n-dimensional environment... 120°C 0°C / M 1 M 3

  5. Introduction: Niches Realized Niche …the position a species does occupy in an n-dimensional environment... 120°C 0°C / M 1 M 4

  6. Introduction: Niches Fundamental Niche S2 120°C S1 0°C / M 1 M 5

  7. Introduction: Niches Fundamental Niche Realized Niche 120°C S2 S1 0°C / M 1 M 6

  8. Introduction: Niches Niche Differentiation 120°C S2 S1 0°C / M 1 M 7

  9. Introduction: Reduced Sulfur Oxidation S2- SO42- 8

  10. Introduction: Reduced Sulfur Oxidation S2- SO42- e.g.O2, NO3- H2O, N2 9

  11. Introduction: Reduced Sulfur Oxidation S2O32- S0 SO32- Sn2- S2- SO42- 10

  12. Introduction: The Sulfur Cycle S2O32- S0 SO32- Sn2- S2- SO42- Sn2- SO32- S0 S2O32- 11

  13. Introduction: SOPs 12

  14. Introduction: SOPs 13

  15. Introduction: SOPs 14

  16. Introduction: SOPs 15

  17. Introduction: SOPs hydrothermal ventplume oxygenatedsea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid HYDROTHERMAL VENT ASSOCIATED FAUNA &MICROBIAL MATS HYDROTHERMAL VENT DEPOSITS, FLUIDS AND PLUMES 16

  18. Introduction: SOPs AQUIFICAE GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA hydrothermal ventplume oxygenatedsea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid HYDROTHERMAL VENT ASSOCIATED FAUNA &MICROBIAL MATS HYDROTHERMAL VENT DEPOSITS, FLUIDS AND PLUMES 17

  19. Introduction: SOPs AQUIFICAE GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA hydrothermal ventplume oxygenatedsea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water sulfidiccoastal sediments reduced hydrothermal fluid HYDROTHERMAL VENT ASSOCIATED FAUNA &MICROBIAL MATS ORGANIC MATTERRICHSEDIMENTS HYDROTHERMAL VENT DEPOSITS, FLUIDS AND PLUMES 18

  20. Introduction: SOPs AQUIFICAE GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA hydrothermal ventplume oxygenatedsea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water sulfidiccoastal sediments reduced hydrothermal fluid HYDROTHERMAL VENT ASSOCIATED FAUNA &MICROBIAL MATS ORGANIC MATTERRICHSEDIMENTS HYDROTHERMAL VENT DEPOSITS, FLUIDS AND PLUMES 19

  21. Introduction: SOPs AQUIFICAE GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA pelagicoxygen minimum zones hydrothermal ventplume oxygenatedsea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water stratified salinebasins and lakes sulfidiccoastal sediments reduced hydrothermal fluid (STRATIFIED) SULFIDIC WATER COLUMNS HYDROTHERMAL VENT ASSOCIATED FAUNA &MICROBIAL MATS ORGANIC MATTERRICHSEDIMENTS HYDROTHERMAL VENT DEPOSITS, FLUIDS AND PLUMES 20

  22. Introduction: SOPs AQUIFICAE EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA CHLOROBI pelagicoxygen minimum zones hydrothermal ventplume oxygenatedsea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water stratified salinebasins and lakes sulfidiccoastal sediments reduced hydrothermal fluid (STRATIFIED) SULFIDIC WATER COLUMNS HYDROTHERMAL VENT ASSOCIATED FAUNA &MICROBIAL MATS ORGANIC MATTERRICHSEDIMENTS HYDROTHERMAL VENT DEPOSITS, FLUIDS AND PLUMES 21

  23. Motivations and aims Same settings in different environments same or different key-players? pelagicoxygen minimum zones hydrothermal ventplume oxygenated sea-water reduced hydrothermal fluid oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water stratified salinebasins and lakes sulfidiccoastal sediments reduced hydrothermal fluid (STRATIFIED) SULFIDIC WATER COLUMNS HYDROTHERMAL VENT ASSOCIATED FAUNA &MICROBIAL MATS ORGANIC MATTERRICHSEDIMENTS HYDROTHERMAL VENT DEPOSITS, FLUIDS AND PLUMES 22

  24. Methods 23

  25. Microbial consumption of S0in marine benthic habitats 24

  26. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Janssand Manus Basin Guaymas Basin 25

  27. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Janssand Manus Basin Guaymas Basin oxygenated sea-water oxygenated sea-water sulfidiccoastal sediments oxic suboxic reducedhydrothermal fluid ocean crust /seafloor deep-sea, S0-precipitating mat tidal surface sediments deep sea, volcanogenic S0 26

  28. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 16S rRNAgenediversity Guaymas Basin n=119 Janssand n=266 Manus Basin n=2,363 S0-precipitatingmat S0-biofilm(oxic) S0-biofilm (suboxic) volcanogenic S0boulders 27

  29. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 16S rRNAgenediversity Guaymas Basin n=119 Janssand n=266 Manus Basin n=2,363 S0-precipitatingmat S0-biofilm(oxic) S0-biofilm (suboxic) volcanogenic S0boulders 28

  30. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Group abundance(CARD-FISH) Guaymas Basin Janssand Manus Basin ND ND S0-precipitatingmat S0-biofilm(oxic) S0-biofilm (suboxic) volcanogenic S0boulders 29

  31. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Sulfur-oxidizing activity sulfidiccoastal sediments 0 0 0 oxic suboxic 30

  32. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Sulfur-oxidizing activity S0-biofilm (oxic) S0-biofilm (suboxic) sulfidiccoastal sediments oxic time [h] suboxic 31

  33. 5 µm Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Sulfur-oxidizing activity SO42- [mM] oxygenated sea-water time [d] Epsilonproteobacteria [probe Epsy549] reducedhydrothermal fluid 32

  34. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Homocyclic S0 Sn, n = 6, 7, 8 or 12 Polymeric S0 Sn (n > 105) - - - - Polysulfide - - - - - - Polysulfanes - Sn2-, n = 1-8 H2Sn, n = 1-8 Hydrogen Sulfur Polythionates - Oxygen - - - SnO62-, n = 3-6 - 33

  35. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 Homocyclic S0 Sn, n = 6, 7, 8 or 12 Polymeric S0 Sn (n > 105) - - - - Polysulfide - - - - - - Polysulfanes - Sn2-, n = 1-8 H2Sn, n = 1-8 Hydrogen Sulfur Polythionates - Oxygen - - - SnO62-, n = 3-6 - 34

  36. SO42- [mM] time [days] 5 µm Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 S8 oxidation ● Sulfurimonas denitrificans ○ controls Epsi 549 35

  37. Results: S0 oxidation Pjevacet al., 2014 tidal surface sediments deep sea, volcanogenic S0 deep-sea, S0-precipitating mat oxygenated sea-water SO42- SO42- SO42- S0 S0 S0 oxygenated sea-water sulfidiccoastal sediments S0 SO42- Sulfurimonas/Sulfurovum relatedEpsilonproteobacteria S0 ~ S8 reducedhydrothermal fluid ocean crust /seafloor 36

  38. Conclusions and Outlook • Differentiated niches facilitate co-existence and prevail across distinct habitats 37

  39. Conclusions and Outlook • Differentiated niches facilitate co-existence and prevail across distinct habitats ? • Compare & Integrate • Culture & Define 38

  40. Fin ThankYou!

  41. Additional: Sulfur utilizing microorganisms Modified after Sievert et al., 2007

  42. sulfur oxidation states -2 -1 0 +2 +4 +6 compounds, ions & functinal groups R-S-R sulfides R-S-H thiols + R-S-R I R sulfonium ion R-S-S-R disulfides S elemental sulfur R-S-OH sulfenic acid O II R-S-R sulfoxides S=O sulfur monoxide O II R-S-R II O sulfonates O II R-S-OH sulfinic/sulfoxylic* acid O=S=O sulfur dioxide O II -O-S-O- sulfite O II R-S-OH II O sulfonic/sulfurous* acid O II O=S=O sulfur trioxide O II -O-S-O- II O sulfate O II R-O-S-O-R II O sulfate esters/ sulfuric acid* S-----------------------------------------------SO32- thiosulfate S-----------------------------------------------SO32- S-----------------------------------------------------------------------SO3 tetrathionate 2-S-----------------------------------------------Sn polysulfides *R = H Additional: Sulfur oxidation states

  43. Additional: Sulfur cycle sulfurdeposits S spontaneaus oxidation biotic oxidation biotic oxidation dissimilatory sulfur reduction disproportionation mineral/sediment reserves water column reserves HS- SO42- dissimilatory sulfate reduction biotic oxidation mineralization assimilatory sulfate reduction OSC

  44. Additional: CO2 fixation pathways CO2 assimilation pathways

  45. Additional: CO2 fixation pathways Phylogenetic distribution

  46. Additional: CO2 fixation pathways Pathway-specific 13C-isotope fractionation

  47. Additional: CO2 fixation pathways Calvin Benson Basham (CBB) Cycle* * reductive pentose phosphate cycle

  48. Additional: CO2 fixation pathways Reverse tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) Cycle

  49. Additional: CO2 fixation pathways Wood-Ljungdahl (WL) pathway * reductive acetyl-CoA pathway

  50. Additional: CO2 fixation pathways 3-hydroxypropionate bicycle

More Related