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Intelligent Critiquing of Design Sketches

2004 AAAI Fall Symposium Making Pen-Based Interaction Intelligent and Natural . Intelligent Critiquing of Design Sketches. Yeonjoo Oh, Ellen Yi-Luen Do, Mark D Gross Computational Design Lab, School of Architecture, Carnegie Mellon University. Outline. 1. Motivation 2. Related Work

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Intelligent Critiquing of Design Sketches

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  1. 2004 AAAI Fall SymposiumMaking Pen-Based Interaction Intelligent and Natural Intelligent Critiquing of Design Sketches Yeonjoo Oh, Ellen Yi-Luen Do, Mark D GrossComputational Design Lab,School of Architecture, Carnegie Mellon University

  2. Outline 1. Motivation 2. Related Work 3. Design Evaluator 4. Discussion 2

  3. Motivation • Why do designers draw? - Reflection-in-Action (Schön & Wiggins 1985): seeing-moving-seeing cycle - Restructuring & Emergence (Verstijinen 2001): see another interpretation or alternative - Visual Thinking and Imagery (Goldschmidt 1991): Seeing as & Seeing that 3

  4. Visual Reasoning • Architect Steven Holl’s Drawings 4

  5. Design Critiques • Desk Crits: Reviewers (reframe design problem): Student (transfer/ restructure) 5

  6. Related Work • Critiquing System : Offer feedback on design • Sketch Design : Capture freehand drawing 6

  7. Related Work • Design Critiquing Systems - KID (Kitchen Design) Fischer & Nakakoji et al. 1993 - Petri-NED (Petri-Net) Stolze 1994 7

  8. Related Work • Design Critiquing Systems - FORNAX (Architectural drawings) novaMSC 8

  9. Related Work • Sketch Design - SILK (GUI design) Landay & Myers 1995 - ASSIST (Mechanical device design) Davis et al 2002 9

  10. Related Work • Sketch Design - Electronic Cocktail Napkin (Design platform) Gross & Do 1996 - COAs (Military action design) Forbus, Usher & Chapman 2004 10

  11. Design Evaluator • Components - Sketch interface - Domain knowledge [Critiques] - Presentation of advice • Two example domains - Architectural floor plan (Hospital) - Web page layout 11

  12. Description Layer Evaluation Layer Visualization Layer • Records and identifies • - Captures and parses • Compares sketches against predicates • Generates design critiques • Displays critiques Design Evaluator • Overview 12

  13. Hospital Design 13

  14. Description Layer • Hospital floor plan diagram Zones, rooms, and doors 14

  15. Description Layer • Interconnected objects 15

  16. Evaluation Layer • Rules coded as Lisp predicates (SHOULD-BE-ADJACENT SURGERY EMERGENCY-ROOM) (MUST-PASS-THROUGH ENTRANCE TRIAGE ER) • Architectural floor plan rules : Room Placement (Zoning) : Adjacency : Room Sequence : Minimum Area Architectural Floor Plan 16

  17. Evaluation Layer • Room Placement (Zoning) (MUST-BE-IN Clinical-Zone (DAYWARD TRIAGE SURGERY …)) • Adjacency –Circulation path (SHOULD-BE-ADJACENT ERINTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT) Architectural Floor Plan 17

  18. Evaluation Layer • Room Sequence (MUST-PASS-THROUGH ENTRANCE TRIAGE ER) • Minimum Area(MINIMUM-AREA WARD 10000) Architectural Floor Plan 18

  19. Visualization Layer • Verbal Critiques (text) Architectural Floor Plan 19

  20. Visualization Layer • Graphical Annotation Architectural Floor Plan 20

  21. Visualization Layer • 3D Mock-up of Sketch Design Architectural Floor Plan 21

  22. Web page layout design 22

  23. Description Layer • Web Page Layout Screen, panels, images, texts Web Page Layout 23

  24. Evaluation Layer • Web Layout Rules (Nielson 2000, Ivory 2002) (MAX-RATIO IMAGES-AREA SCREEN-AREA 50) - Number of Images - Content Hierarchy - Image-Text Ratio - Color Scheme - Text – Background Web Page Layout 24

  25. Visualization Layer • Textual Critiques • Graphical Annotation / Example Web Page Web Page Layout 25

  26. Discussion - Early design critiquing + freehand sketch - Stimulate thinking, explore alternatives - Integrate knowledge-based tools into design - Critiques directly on drawing & various formats - Design constraints → spatially expressed rules 26

  27. Future Work • Rules - more sophisticated design rules - express rules graphically • Domains - geometry and elementary physics 27

  28. Design Evaluator Yeonjoo Oh, Ellen Yi-Luen Do, Mark D GrossSchool of Architecture, Carnegie Mellon University 28

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