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Injuries to the Lower Leg, Foot and Ankle

Injuries to the Lower Leg, Foot and Ankle. Lower Leg Injuries. Caution! Graphic Picture. Contusions. Shin contusion. Compartment Syndrome. Fasciotomy – surgical procedure in which the fascia is cut to relieve pressure http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82QcxdHel0Q. Muscle Strain.

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Injuries to the Lower Leg, Foot and Ankle

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  1. Injuries to the Lower Leg, Foot and Ankle

  2. Lower Leg Injuries Caution! Graphic Picture

  3. Contusions • Shin contusion

  4. Compartment Syndrome

  5. Fasciotomy – surgical procedure in which the fascia is cut to relieve pressure http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82QcxdHel0Q

  6. Muscle Strain • Calf is most affected (usually at gastroc-achilles junction)

  7. Grade 1 Calf Strain: • Grade 2 Calf Strain : • Grade 3 Calf Strain:

  8. Achilles Tendonitis • Inflammation of the Achilles Tendon • MOI – overuse, microtearing of tendon

  9. Achilles Tendon Tear

  10. Thompson’s test for Achilles Tendon Rupturehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kxPFjSJj0k

  11. Muscle Spasm • Calf usually affected • MOI – fatigue, dehydration • Treatment – direct compression, gradual stretch, ice, rehydrate

  12. Leg Fractures • Direct blows or indirect trauma

  13. Stress Fractures An incomplete break in a bone occurring after prolonged repetitive exercise

  14. Stress Fractures (con’t) • Signs and Symptoms -

  15. Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome • “shinsplints” • Pain along medial border of the tibia • Usually with novice runners – well conditioned runners usually due to mechanical abnormalities

  16. Causes: - running on hard surfaces - Overuse - Muscle imbalance - Tight Achilles

  17. Ankle Injuries

  18. Mechanisms of Injuries • Inversion -

  19. Plantar Flexion - Usually sprain ankle when in plantar flexion. - Ankle is unstable in this position

  20. Eversion - usually due to a planted foot that receives a lateral force - stepping in a hole - higher incidence of fractures

  21. Lateral Ligament Sprain • Most common ankle injury • MOI = Inversion and plantar flexion

  22. Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATF) is injured first. (mild sprain) • The Calcaneofibular Ligament (CF) is injured in more severe sprains

  23. INVERSION ANKLE SPRAIN

  24. Ankle inversionhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dP17ZY3zxa4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Kc1CEAk1ao&feature=fvwrel

  25. Medial Ligament Sprain(Deltoid Ligament) • Often associated with fractures of lateral malleolus

  26. The Deltoid Ligament

  27. Peroneal Tendon Injury • Can occur when lateral ankle ligaments are injured

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