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Joints of the Foot, Ankle, Lower leg

Joints of the Foot, Ankle, Lower leg. Interosseus Membrane. Syndesmosis. Talocrural. Intertarsal. Intermetatarsal (IM). Tarsometatarsal. Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP). Metatarsal phalangeal (MTP). Distal Interphalangeal (DIP). Interphalangeal (IP). Interphalangeal (IP).

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Joints of the Foot, Ankle, Lower leg

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  1. Joints of the Foot, Ankle, Lower leg

  2. Interosseus Membrane Syndesmosis Talocrural Intertarsal Intermetatarsal (IM) Tarsometatarsal Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP) Metatarsal phalangeal (MTP) Distal Interphalangeal (DIP)

  3. Interphalangeal (IP)

  4. Interphalangeal (IP) • articulations of the phalanges • have one on the hallux or great toe and two on toes 2 thru 5 (PIP and DIP) • all have collateral ligaments on the medial and lateral sides and interphalangeal ligaments on the plantar and dorsal surfaces • motions include flexion and extension only

  5. Interphalangeal (IP)-Collateral Ligaments

  6. IP Joint-Plantar Ligaments

  7. Metatarsal phalangeal (MTP)

  8. Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) • articulations of the phalanges and the metatarsals • have collateral ligaments as well as plantar and dorsal metatarsophalangeal ligaments • movements include flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

  9. MTP Joint-Plantar Ligaments

  10. First Metatarsal phalangeal Joint

  11. 2nd, 3rd, 4th Metatarsal phalangeal Joint

  12. Fifth Metatarsal phalangeal Joint

  13. Intermetatarsal (IM)

  14. Intermetatarsal (IM) • connect metatarsals at both the head (transverse metatarsal ligaments) and the base (plantar and dorsal ligaments) • shafts of bones connected by interosseous ligaments

  15. Tarsometatarsal

  16. Tarsometatarsal • articulations of the bases of the metatarsals with the tarsal bones • connected by dorsal and plantar tarsometatarsal ligaments • movements include flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

  17. Dorsal Tarsometatarsal Ligaments

  18. Plantar Tarsometatarsal Ligaments

  19. Intertarsal • articulations between the tarsals • movements include gliding, flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, inversion, and eversion • there are many ligaments in the area such as the plantar calcaneonavicular, etc.

  20. Intertarsal • the most important of these joints is the subtalar (articulation between the talus and calcaneus)-movements here include pronation (combined abduction and eversion) and supination (combined adduction and inversion);

  21. Subtalar

  22. Subtalar

  23. Sustentaculum Tali

  24. Sinus Tarsi

  25. Talocrural

  26. Talocrural • articulation of the tibia, fibula, and talus • hinge (ginglymus) joint • movements of the ankle joint are dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

  27. Lateral Ankle Ligaments • Anterior Talofibular (ATFL): prevents anterior displacement of talus • Posterior Talofibular (PTFL): prevents posterior displacement of talus • Calcaneofibular (CFL): prevents inversion of calcaneus

  28. Anterior Talofibular (ATFL)

  29. Anterior Talofibular (ATFL)

  30. Posterior Talofibular (PTFL)

  31. Posterior Talofibular (PTFL)

  32. Calcaneofibular (CFL)

  33. Calcaneofibular (CFL)

  34. Medial Ankle Ligaments (Deltoid) • second strongest ligament in the body • includes: • Anterior Tibiotalar • Tibionavicular • Tibiocalcaneal • Posterior Tibiotalar • main function is to prevent eversion

  35. Anterior Tibiotalar

  36. deltoid ligament:anterior tibiotalar

  37. Tibionavicular

  38. deltoid ligament:tibionavicular

  39. Tibiocalcaneal

  40. deltoid ligament:tibiocalcaneal

  41. Posterior Tibiotalar

  42. deltoid ligamentposterior tibiotalar

  43. Syndesmosis

  44. Syndesmosis • distal tibiofibular joint • held together by: • anterior tibiofibular ligament • posterior tibiofibular ligament • transverse tibiofibular ligament • interosseus membrane

  45. Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

  46. Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

  47. Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

  48. Transverse Tibiofibular Ligament

  49. Interosseus Membrane

  50. Plantar Fascia • thick white band of fibrous tissue from medial tuberosity of the calcaneus to the proximal heads of the metatarsals • supports the foot against downward forces • site of plantar fascitis

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