Section 6.3 : The Road to Lexington and Concord

1. Section 6.3: The Road to Lexington and Concord • Describe the Intolerable Acts and their impact. • Explain how the colonies wavered between war and peace. • Profile the Midnight Ride. • Describe the battles of Lexington and Concord.

2. Copy the following on Portfolio p14

3. Vocabulary • militia – a force of armed civilians who fight to defend their community • cache – a hidden store of ammunition, food, or other important stuff

4. What We Already Know After the Boston Tea Party, Parliament issued the Intolerable Acts, which closed the port of Boston and placed all of Massachusetts under military rule.

5. Afterthe Boston Tea Party, Parliament issued the Intolerable Acts. • Boston’s harbor would be closed until the tea was paid for. • The committees of correspondence were banned. • A new Quartering Act was put in effect. • British officers accused of crimes in the colonies would now be tried in England. • A military governor was placed in charge of Massachusetts.

6. Other colonies immediately offered Massachusetts their support. • They sent food, supplies, and money to Boston. • The committees of correspondence also called for a meeting of colonial delegates to discuss what to do next.

7. The FirstContinentalCongress made two important recommend–ations about what to do next. • They voted for a new trade boycott with Britain until the Intolerable Acts were repealed. • They called for all colonies to begin training troops. They were not ready to declare independence yet, but were determined to stand up for colonial rights.

8. Why did Parliamentissue the Intolerable Acts? To punish Massachusetts colonists for the Boston Tea Party. To punish Pennsylvania for hosting the First Continental Congress. To punish New York for refusing to house British soldiers. To punish Maryland for not sending delegates to the First Continental Congress.

9. Why did Parliamentissue the Intolerable Acts? To punish Massachusetts colonists for the Boston Tea Party. To punish Pennsylvania for hosting the First Continental Congress. To punish New York for refusing to house British soldiers. To punish Maryland for not sending delegates to the First Continental Congress.

10. 1. Which was NOT part of the Intolerable Acts? • The port of Boston was closed until Massachusetts paid for the destroyed tea. • A new quartering act was passed. • A military governor was installed in Massachusetts. • Newspapers throughout the colonies were banned. • The committees of correspondence were banned. • British officials accused of crimes in the colonies would be tried in England.

11. 1. Which was NOT part of the Intolerable Acts? • The port of Boston was closed until Massachusetts paid for the destroyed tea. • A new quartering act was passed. • A military governor was installed in Massachusetts. • Newspapers throughout the colonies were banned. • The committees of correspondence were banned. • British officials accused of crimes in the colonies would be tried in England.

12. 2. Britain passed the Intolerable Acts to punish Massachusetts colonists for • destroying the tea at the Boston Tea Party. • hosting the First Continental Congress. • refusing to house British soldiers. • sending delegates to the First Continental Congress.

13. 2. Britain passed the Intolerable Acts to punish Massachusetts colonists for • destroying the tea at the Boston Tea Party. • hosting the First Continental Congress. • refusing to house British soldiers. • sending delegates to the First Continental Congress.

14. 3. What did representatives at the First Continental Congress agree to do? • They sent John Hancock on the 'midnight ride.‘ • They organized and carried out the Boston Tea Party. • They banned all trade with Britain until the acts were repealed. • They sent the 'Olive Branch Petition' to the king. • They urged the colonies to begin arming and training troops. Choose all that are true!

15. 3. What did representatives at the First Continental Congress agree to do? • They sent John Hancock on the 'midnight ride.‘ • They organized and carried out the Boston Tea Party. • They banned all trade with Britain until the acts were repealed. • They sent the 'Olive Branch Petition' to the king. • They urged the colonies to begin arming and training troops. Choose all that are true!

16. While Congress hopefully waited for the boycotts to work as they had in the past, Britain stood firm, refusing to repeal the Intolerable Acts, . . .

17. . . . colonial troops continued to train and stockpile weapons, . . .

18. . . . and Patrick Henry made his famous speech. “Gentlemen may cry peace, peace—but there is no peace. The war is actually begun! The next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms! Our brethren are already in the field! Why should we stand idle here? . . . I know not what course others may take. But as for me, give me liberty or give me death!”

19. The British military had spies who informed them that the colonists were storing arms and ammunition in Concord, 20 miles west of Boston.

20. Lexington and Concord • Revolutionary leaders John Hancock and Samuel Adams were reportedly in a small town called Lexington, east of Concord. • General Gage ordered his redcoats to march from Boston, arrest the two rebels and seize the weapons.

21. The Midnight Ride • Paul Revere and William Dawes left Boston to warn the colonists that the British were marching their way. • In Lexington, they were joined by Dr. Samuel Prescott.

22. The Regulars are coming! The Regulars are coming!

23. Although Revere and Dawes were stopped by the British, Prescott made it all the way to Concord. The Regulars are coming! The Regulars are coming!

24. What was the purpose ofthe “midnight ride?” To spread word that Congress had declared American independence from Britain To rescue Hancock and Adams from British custody To call out the minute men to break the British siege of New York To warn Lexington and Concord that British troops were coming

25. What was the purpose ofthe “midnight ride?” To spread word that Congress had declared American independence from Britain To rescue Hancock and Adams from British custody To call out the minute men to break the British siege of New York To warn Lexington and Concord that British troops were coming

26. When the British entered Lexington at dawn, they were met by several dozen colonial militiamen. • About one-third of Lexington’smilitia were Minutemen. • Minutemen were trained to act against the British “in a minute’s notice.”

27. Shots rang out and eight (8) Colonists were killed.

28. The British marched on to Concord, destroyed the arms and ammunition, and prepared to return to Boston.

29. But 2,000 militiamen rushed to the area and fired at them all along the way back to Boston.

30. Only the arrival of 1,000 more troops saved the British from destruction as they scrambled back to Boston.

31. With shots fired, no peaceful solution was to be found. • The war for American independence would now begin and every-one would have to choose a side. • Those who supported Britain would be called Loyalists, and those who wanted independence were called Patriots.

32. What is a minuteman? • a colonist who supported the British during the American Revolution • a member of the colonial militia who was trained to respond instantly • a colonist who sided with the rebels in resisting the British tax laws • a private citizen who pledges to defend his community

33. What is a minuteman? • a colonist who supported the British during the American Revolution • a member of the colonial militia who was trained to respond instantly • a colonist who sided with the rebels in resisting the British tax laws • a private citizen who pledges to defend his community

34. Why were the British marching toward Lexington and Concord? • To capture members of the First Continental Congress • To capture Sam Adams and John Hancock • To defeat George Washington’s army before it could be fully trained and armed • To capture or destroy a cache of weapons stored by colonial militia • To demonstrate Parliament’s authority by arresting leaders of the minutemen Choose all that are true!

35. Why were the British marching toward Lexington and Concord? • To capture members of the First Continental Congress • To capture Sam Adams and John Hancock • To defeat George Washington’s army before it could be fully trained and armed • To capture or destroy a cache of weapons stored by colonial militia • To demonstrate Parliament’s authority by arresting leaders of the minutemen Choose all that are true!

36. 4. Why were the battles at Lexington and Concord important? • They were the first battles of the Revolutionary War. • They demonstrated the superiority of the British over the colonists. • Colonists were now forced to choose sides, as either Loyalists or Patriots. • The battles unified all the colonists in their desire for independence. • They demonstrated George Washington’s military leadership skills.

37. 4. Why were the battles at Lexington and Concord important? • They were the first battles of the Revolutionary War. • They demonstrated the superiority of the British over the colonists. • Colonists were now forced to choose sides, as either Loyalists or Patriots. • The battles unified all the colonists in their desire for independence. • They demonstrated George Washington’s military leadership skills.

38. By the rude bridge that arched the flood,Their flag to April’s breeze unfurled,Here once the embattled farmers stood,And fired the shot heard round the world.The foe long since in silence slept;Alike the conqueror silent sleeps;And Time the ruined bridge has sweptDown the dark stream which seaward creeps.On this green bank, by this soft stream,We set to-day a votive stone;That memory may their deed redeem,When, like our sires, our sons are gone.Spirit, that made those heroes dare,To die, and leave their children free,Bid Time and Nature gently spareThe shaft we raise to them and thee. Ralph Waldo Emerson 1837 Commemoration of the Battle of Concord

40. Copy the following on Portfolio p14