Juerg Staudenmann Water Governance Advisor

1. A new UNDP programme in support of the Protocol on Water & Health Presentation to the First Meeting of the Working Group on Water and Health Juerg Staudenmann Water Governance Advisor

2. Overview • UNDP’s mandate & work (in Europe & CIS) • A new UNDP programme on Water & Sanitation • Link to the “Right to Water” • Links to the Protocol W&H • Methodological approach, status and next steps • Conclusion & Discussion UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

3. What’s UNDP’s overall mandate ? • “…theUN's global development network, … connecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better life” • Europe & CIS: 26 Country Offices (every EECCA country) & 1 regional office (Bratislava) • Mandate to coordinate the UN Development Group, and UN Country Teams at national level • Support to governments to achieve MDGs through national & regional projects • On “Environment & Sustainable Development”: • Facilitate access to environmental services (pro-poor) • Promoting adaptation to climate change • Mainstream “environment” into development  priority areas “Climate Change” & “Water and Sanitation” UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

4. Why “Water & Sanitation”? • Key drivers to achieve MDGs (child & maternal health; poverty & food security; healthy work force; …) • Link to Human (and Economic) Development! “The successfully tackling of the WSS crises could trigger the next leap forward in human development!“ UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

5. UNDP’s (Water) work in the EECCA region • Regional projects • Transboundary Water Management in Danube, Black Sea, Dnipro, Caspian Sea, Kura-Aras, Dinaric Karst, ... (GEF) • Environment & Security (UNDP-UNEP-UNECE-OSCE-REC) • National/local projects • Integrated Water Resources Management (e.g. Kazakhstan, new Central Asian projects) • Water Supply & Sanitation (e.g. BiH, Tajikistan, Armenia) • Mainstreaming “water-activities” into - rural development (e.g. Crimea, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), - Climate change & energy-reform (e.g. Albania, Bulgaria), - Biodiversity conservation (e.g. Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Hungary, …) • Private sector involvement (e.g. UNDP-Coca Cola “Every Drop Matters” partnership in Croatia, Kazakhstan, Romania, Turkey, …) UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

6. A new UNDP Programme on Water & Sanitation for Europe & CIS • Based on findings of the UNDP Human Development Report (HDR 2006): • The growing “Water Crisis” is a problem of Water Governance, not really of lacking water resources • A crisis of the poor and marginalized (e.g. rural-urban disparities) • Low political commitment to sanitation and hygiene • Climate Change will add more complexity & additional burden • HDR 2006 Recommendations: • Make water a human right – and mean it ! • Support countries developing national strategies & plans • Facilitate (more) international aid & financing UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

7. Why a new EECCA programme (linking Water – Human Rights)? • Too many people – especially impoverished and marginalized groups – in the EECCA region still suffer from low-quality Water & Sanitation services • New ideas and innovative “pushes” are needed to mobilize needed funding ! • Unique Opportunity: The Protocol on Water & Health • Build on the momentum to translate “Right to Water” into concrete results on the ground UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

8. Every person has the right to: Sufficient water “Clean” water Accessible water and sanitation services Affordable water and sanitation services  NB: This does not mean water free of charge! * General comment 15, Guidelines for the realization of the right to drinking water supply and sanitation, UN common understanding of the human rights based approach What is the “Right to Water” (and sanitation) ? * UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

9. A process based on international HR standards and principles Recognizes human beings as rights-holders and establishes obligations for duty-bearers. What means a Human Rights-Based Approach ? Duty-bearers: Much less • Primarily: States • Secondarily: individuals can have specific obligations • Individuals and private entities have generic responsibilities towards the community to respect the rights of others Right-holders: 6,653,467,548 • Every individual, either a man, woman or child, of any race, ethnic group or social condition • To some extent groups • Focus on on-discrimination and inclusion of vulnerable and disadvantaged groups, access to information, participation and accountability in the development process UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

10. UNDP Human Rights-Water Programme: Aim • Develop a “pan-regional umbrella” in support of the EECCA countries to: • Assess the situation (incl. gap analysis) in the region and selected target countries • Develop and implement concrete national and local projects • Based all on strong (legal) foundations and principles • Holistic approach: Take into account also Climate Change and other “cross-cutting” aspects • Create a basis to build strong partnerships (UN and other partners) and mobilize needed funding • Link UNDP’s work with emerging activities under the Protocol on Water & Health (e.g. AHPFM, Climate WG) UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

11. Links with the Protocol on Water & Health? The Protocol’s elements of the “Right to Water’: • Art. 4(2): Parties shall, in particular, take all appropriate measures for the purpose of ensuring: (a) adequate supplies of wholesome drinking water...;(b) adequate sanitation... • Art. 5: Parties shall be guided in particular by the following principles and approaches: (1)...equitable access to water, adequate in terms of both quantity and of quality, should be provided for all members of the population, especially those who suffer a disadvantage or social exclusion. • Art. 6(1): The Parties shall pursue the aims of: (a) access to drinking water for everyone; (b) provision of sanitation for everyone. UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

12. Link to the AHPFM Through the new programme, UNDP … • … can directly contribute to the approved projects for Moldova & Ukraine: • by “picking up” certain activities through the planned UNDP assessment (e.g. gap analysis, development of national strategy / roadmap) • OR: upon request, UNDP can directly implement projects or selected activities • … stands ready to support EECCA-countries both in formulating (for AHPFM-submission) and implementing concrete projects • … with its development competency and on-the-ground experience, will continue to support the AHPFM UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

13. 4 Thematic Focus Areas • Accessibility – Infrastructure: covers physical accessibility and focuses primarily on the quality of the (WSS) services • Affordability – Water Pricing: Water tariffs set at such a level that standard volume of water is provided to everyone at affordable prices (or free if necessary), with special consideration to poor, marginalised and vulnerable groups • Quality and Availability (Resources Allocation): water supplied should be safe and suitable for all different uses. Balance among competing needs to be reached while giving priority to human consumption. • Transboundary Cooperation: focus on cooperation between neighbouring communities sharing the same water resource/body; reconcile different and possibly conflicting interests and water needs (at local level!). UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

14. Phase 0: Regional situation analysis & programme development Phase 1: Individual Country Assessment Phase 2: Priority identification & project development Phase 3: Project implementation Outputs: O: Pan-regional programme, overarching approach & target country selection 1: Gap & needs assessment for selected target country, partner & resources mobilization 2: Concrete Project proposals for submission (e.g. AHPFM) 3: Concrete results Methodological Approach UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

15. Phase 0: Regional situation analysis & programme development UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre already started in 2007: • Analysis of the Water Supply & Sanitation situation, and desk-assessment of needs & gaps in potential priority countries • Development of a new methodology on “Human Rights Based Approaches for Water Governance” (aligned to Protocol W&H) • “Roadmap” / country selection & sequencing / M&E • Status: on-going (2007 – 2011) • Financing: • UNDP Bratislava pre-investment: US$ 45,000 • Needed: US$ 40,00 – 60,000 UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

16. Phase 1: Individual Country Assessments (for selected target countries) • Analyze country situation based on the 4 thematic areas (Accessibility – Infrastructure / Affordability – Water Pricing / Quality and Availability (Resources Allocation) / Transboundary Cooperation) • Stakeholder consultations • Identify development gaps, needs & opportunities for concrete interventions (together with government and civil society stakeholders) • Status: planned (2008-2011) • Financing: • UNDP co-funding (tbc): up to US$ 10,000/country • Needed: ~ US$ 50,000/country UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

17. Phase 2: Priority identification & project development • Prioritization of issues and possible project activities (with national stakeholder) • Development of detailed project proposals • Submission (AHPFM) and/or partner & resource mobilization • Status: in preparation (2009 ff.) • Financing: • UNDP co-funding (tbc): up to US$ 5,000/country • Needed: ~ US$ 30,000/country UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

18. Phase 3: Project implementation • Implementation of individual projects in target countries, or activities “mainstreamed” into other projects  Details depend on concrete projects • Status: to be developed (2009-2012) • Financing: Depending on projects UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

19. Next steps • August 2008: Finalize methodological approach & secure co-funding (for Phase 0) • Dec 2008: Define and select first set of priority countries • based on countries’ expressed interest and request for UNDP-support • Based on successful resource mobilization • 2009-10: Start in-depth country assessments, gap analysis, priority & project identification in selected (& financed) target countries • July 2009: Submit project proposals to AHPFM UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

20. Conclusion • Through its new pan-regional “Human Rights & Water” programme, UNDP can • Support EECCA-countries in national analysis, gap assessments, target setting, strategy & project development etc. • Support donor countries to identify and direct their investment towards priority areas for interventions • Develop and implementconcrete projects to improve people’s live in the region ! UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

21. Thank you! For further information visit: http://WaterWiki.net