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Operations with Functions: Add, Subtract, Multiply, & Divide

Explore examples of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing functions. Learn how different functions interact and simplify your calculations.

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Operations with Functions: Add, Subtract, Multiply, & Divide

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  1. a. f(x) + g(x) f(x) – g(x) b. EXAMPLE 1 Add and subtract functions Letf (x)= 4x1/2andg(x)=–9x1/2. Find the following. SOLUTION f (x) + g(x) = 4x1/2 + (–9x1/2) = [4 + (–9)]x1/2 = –5x1/2 SOLUTION f (x) – g(x) = [4 – (–9)]x1/2 = 13x1/2 = 4x1/2 – (–9x1/2)

  2. The functions fand geach have the same domain: all nonnegative real numbers. So, the domains of f + gand f – galso consist of all nonnegative real numbers. c. the domains of f + gand f – g EXAMPLE 1 Add and subtract functions SOLUTION

  3. a. f (x) g(x) b. 6x f (x) f (x) g(x) g(x) x3/4 f (x) g(x) = = 6x1/4 = 6x(1 – 3/4) EXAMPLE 2 Multiply and divide functions Let f (x)= 6xand g(x) = x3/4. Find the following. SOLUTION = (6x)(x3/4) = 6x(1 + 3/4) = 6x7/4 SOLUTION

  4. The domain of f consists of all real numbers, and the domain of gconsists of all nonnegative real numbers. So, the domain of f gconsists of all nonnegative real numbers. Because g(0) = 0, the domain of is restricted to all positive real numbers. f g EXAMPLE 2 Multiply and divide functions f g and the domains of f c. g SOLUTION

  5. r(m) s(m) (6 106)m0.2 = 241m–0.25 = • Findr(m) s(m). EXAMPLE 3 Solve a multi-step problem Rhinos For a white rhino, heart rate r(in beats per minute) and life span s(in minutes) are related to body mass m(in kilograms) by these functions: • Explain what this product represents.

  6. Find and simplify r(m) s(m). r(m) s(m) = 241m –0.25 [ (6 106)m0.2 ] 241(6 106)m(–0.25 + 0.2) = (1446 106)m –0.05 = (1.446 109)m –0.05 = EXAMPLE 3 Solve a multi-step problem SOLUTION STEP 1 Write product of r(m) and s(m). Product of powers property Simplify. Use scientific notation.

  7. Interpret r(m) s(m). EXAMPLE 3 Solve a multi-step problem STEP 2 Multiplying heart rate by life span gives the total number of heartbeats for a white rhino over its entire lifetime.

  8. f (x) + g(x) f (x) – g(x) for Examples 1, 2, and 3 GUIDED PRACTICE Let f (x) = –2x2/3andg(x) = 7x2/3. Find the following. SOLUTION f (x) + g(x) = –2x2/3 + 7x2/3 = 5x2/3 = (–2 + 7)x2/3 SOLUTION f (x) – g(x) = –2x2/3 – 7x2/3 = [–2 + ( –7)]x2/3 = –9x2/3

  9. the domains of f + gand f – g for Examples 1, 2, and 3 GUIDED PRACTICE SOLUTION all real numbers; all real numbers

  10. f (x) g(x) f (x) g(x) for Examples 1, 2, and 3 GUIDED PRACTICE Let f (x) = 3xandg(x) = x1/5. Find the following. SOLUTION 3x6/5 SOLUTION 3x4/5

  11. the domains off g and f g for Examples 1, 2, and 3 GUIDED PRACTICE SOLUTION all real numbers; all real numbers except x=0.

  12. Use the result of Example 3 to find a white rhino’s number of heartbeats over its lifetime if its body mass is 1.7 105kilograms. about 7.92 108 heartbeats for Examples 1, 2, and 3 GUIDED PRACTICE Rhinos SOLUTION

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