Grammar

1. Grammar 强调句型 Emphatic sentences

2. “一种结构” “两种be和两个一致” 牢记“一二三四五” 强调句型勿需苦 “三个连接词 和三类强调成分” “四种句式变化” “五类复杂化结构”

3. 一、“一种结构”It + be + 被强调成分 + that / who + 其他成分 被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语,但不能是谓语. He metan old friendin the park yesterday. 强调主语 It washewho/that met an old friend in the park yesterday. 强调宾语 It wasan old friendthat/who he met in the park yesterday. 强调地点状语 It wasin the parkthat he met an old friend yesterday. 强调时间状语 It wasyesterdaythat he met an old friend in he park.

4. 二、“两种be和两个一致” 1. “两种be” ：is, was 两种“be”的选择要视原句谓语动词的时态而定 It _____ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago . A. was B. is C. were D. had been A _______

5. 温馨提示： 强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。 句式结构: It may be+ 被强调部分+ that … It must have been+被强调部分+ that … Could it be +被强调部分+that…? C e.g. It might have been John ______bought a new book for Mary yesterday. A. what B. since C. that D. then

6. 2 .两个一致：主谓一致、主宾一致。 ①强调句在强调主语时,that/who后的动词应和主语在人称和数上保持一致. It is he who _____ late. It is they that _____ late. A. am B. is C. are D. be ②强调主语用人称代词主格; 强调宾语用宾格. 　①. It is _____who are your best friends. ②. It was _____ that they visited. A. we B. us C. our D. ours B C A B

7. It was ___ who advised him not to do so. (I ) I us It was ___ who Mr. Wang teaches Chinese. (we)

8. 三、“三个连接词和三类强调成分” 1.当被强调部分指人时，可用that/who(做宾语时可用whom)；指物或既有人又有物时只用that ; Who/that/ whom It was TomI met last week. It is a new book his brother wants to buy. that 2.强调状语时, It is at 5 o'clockthe train will arrive. It was in the parkI saw Kate last week. 只用that,不用when, where, why. that(不用when) that (不用where )

9. 注意： It is／was…that…强调句型的被强调部分如果是原因状语从句，只能由because引导，不能由since、as或why引导。 It wasbecause he was illthat he didn't come to school yesterday.

10. 四、“四种句式变化”即一般疑问形式、特殊疑问形式、感叹句形式、省略句形式。 　(一) 一般疑问形式 句式: Is (was) it +强调部分+ that…? e.g. He will leave for Hong Kong at 7:00 . It isat 7:00that he will leave for Hong Kong. Is itat 7:00 that he will leave for Hong Kong?

11. 特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？ (二)特殊疑问句形式 句式结构： e.g. _______ is it _______has made Peter success? A. What; that; B. That; what; C. What; what; D. That; that; √ [简析]： It is determination that has made Peter success. →Whatis it that has made Peter success?

12. (三) 感叹句形式 What / How ... it is / was （that）+ 主语 + 谓语! Whata beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn! 你画了多漂亮的一幅画呀！

13. (四) 省略句形式 —Who is making so much noise in the garden? — the children. A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are √

14. -----Where did you meet her yesterday? ----- It was at the bookshop ____ my mother worked. A. that B. where C. which D. there √

15. 反意疑问句形式 It is/was+被强调部分+that…，________? isn’t / wasn’t it It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, ______? A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it

16. 五、“五类复杂化结构” 即强调句型与宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句、 定语从句和时间状语从句(not ... until)相结合，加大了句子结构的复杂程度和句意理解的难度。 (一) 与宾语从句结合 e.g. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature ____ he chose the course. A. that B. what C. why D. how _______ √

17. 强调句与宾语从句的结合： B If you know _______ that robbed the bank, please dial 911. • who was it B. who it was • C.who it is D. whom it was

18. (二) 与主语从句结合 It is what you do rather than what you say _______matters. A. that B. what C. which D. this . √ • It is not help but obstacles that make a man. 使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力.

19. It is/was not…but…that… It is/was … rather than… that… ; Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, ______ to blame. A. is B. that is C. are D. who are (NMET 2000, 24) It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are .A. one B. that C. what D. it

20. (三) 与同位语从句结合 e.g. It was at the very beginning _________ Mr. Fox made a decision ________ we should send for a doctor. A what, that B that, which C which, that D that, that D.强调句式中连接词that后有一个同位语从句，它对decision作解释说明。连结词在同位语从句中不做成分只起连接作用，故应为that.

21. (四) 与定语从句结合 where It was in that shop ______ I bought some books ______ I saw him. that I saw him in that shop.

22. 强调句与定语从句的结合： e.g. Was it in the village ____ we used to live in ____ the accident happened? A. where, that B. which; that C. that; where D. where; which B The accident happened in the village.

23. （五）强调句与动词词组的结合： C It was _________ the radio that he spent a whole morning in his room. • to repair B. repaired • C. repairing D. to be repairing

24. (六). not…until句型的强调句 句式：It is /was not until+被强调部分+that+其他成分. e.g. He didn’t go to bed untilten o’ clock. It wasnot until ten o’ clock that he went to bed. 1. It ____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. was’ t until; that D

25. 温馨提示： 在和时间状语从句连用时应和以下句式区别，它们中的连接词不能用that。 1） It be + 时间段 + since ...句型。 如since和延续性动词连用意为“某人不做某事已有多久”（行为的终止）； 和短暂性动词连用则表示“某人做某事已有多久”（行为动作的开始）。 e.g. It’s three years since we met last time. It’s two years since he smoked. 自从我们上次相见已有3年了。 他戒烟有2年了。

26. 2） It be + 时间 + when ...句型。 when引导的为时间状语从句,表“某事发生时正是……时候”。注意时间词语前无介词，主从句时态一般应是一致的。 It was midnight _____he got home yesterday. It was at midnight ___ he got home yesterday. when that

27. 3） It was / will (not) + 时间段 + before ... 肯定句中表“过了……之后某事才发生”； 否定句中意为“不久就……”。 It was some time beforewe realized the truth. It won’t be long before we know the result of the experiment. 好久之后我们才了解到真相。 不久我们就会知道试验的结果。

28. 用that ,before, when, since完成句子 (1) It was three hours ago _____ he left here. ( 答案: that ，强调句型) (2) It was three o’clock ______ he left here. ( 答案: when，时间状语从句) (3) It is three hours _________ he left here. ( 答案: since，时间状语从句) (4) It wasn’t long ________ he left here. ( 答案: before，时间状语从句) 解题法：删除法 缺什么用什么

29. Thank you for your attention!