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Technical support to build accelerators and detectors

This text discusses the engineering requirements for building accelerators and detectors. It covers topics such as magnetic fields, beam control, detectors, electronics, and simulation. The risks associated with a pulsed magnet system are also mentioned.

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Technical support to build accelerators and detectors

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  1. Technical support to build accelerators and detectors What engineering needs to be done??? A magnetic field B makes the particles go around in a circle. To stay in the right orbit when B goes up, so must v. To achieve this we accelerate. We measure where the beam is And adjust the frequency In a very simple case after acceleration the beam is sent to a target and a detector shows the science RF voltage

  2. RF cavity and kickers • These need low voltage electronics, safety systems and high voltage electrical engineering. We have an example of a kind of kicker in this department, the pulsed magnet system.

  3. Computer Aided design Tools LTSPICE

  4. Amplifying small analogue signals • To detect the radial position of the beam • To amplify a detector hit • To turn an optical signal into an electrical signal

  5. Basic OPAMP MATHS In theory, Vout = ∞ * (V+ - V-), in practice, it will be: Vout = 10,000 *(V+ - V-), Vout is a reasonable value, Vneg < Vout < Vpos. Then V+ - V- ~ 0V for Vneg < Vout < Vpos. Also the currents I1 and I2 are 0 Amps.

  6. Some Operational Amplifiers (OPAMPS)

  7. Complex numbers for engineers (Steady state) Thanks to the toolbox supplied by mathematicians, engineers can get their head around their circuits. Engineers tend to use j rather than i for imaginary numbers Thanks to Laplace we can also turn 2nd order differential equations into quadratic ones

  8. Designing circuits

  9. Zooming in

  10. The product

  11. The mechanics of the electronics

  12. Interferometer electronics at CERN To PC

  13. Digital domain

  14. Digital processing of data

  15. What do engineers do to deliver the detector that the physicists want • Roughly speaking, the category of work can be split as follow: • Design • Prototyping & Testing • Analyses and simulation • FEA (Finite Element Analysis) and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) • Assembly and Installation

  16. Analyses and simulation

  17. Barrel strip detector --Stave design and built Stave design Thermal testing Assembled sandwich structure stave • Note mirror-like surface finish (global flatness ±100µm) Prototyping and testing

  18. Magnet Coil formers for CERN and Uppsala

  19. With Coil being wound

  20. Thank you for listening!Any Questions??

  21. Pulsed Magnet System risks • Although the risk is very small you can never be sure that capacitors are discharged, therefore keep a distance of 2 meters from the bank. Marking on the floor is in place. • Only 5 visitors allowed into the room at a time • Risk control 1: Visits only allowed with supervisor of the facility present. • Risk control 2: System is disabled automatically during room access, minimising risk. • Johan Fopma 27-6-2018

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