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Neuroscience and Behavior Chapter 2

Neuroscience and Behavior Chapter 2. Pediatric Hemispherectomy Video illustration of a hemispherectomy and review basic information about the brain. The Brain’s Plasticity. The brain is sculpted by our genes but also by our experiences.

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Neuroscience and Behavior Chapter 2

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  1. Neuroscience and BehaviorChapter 2 Pediatric Hemispherectomy Video illustration of a hemispherectomy and review basic information about the brain

  2. The Brain’s Plasticity The brain is sculpted by our genes but also by our experiences. Plasticityrefers to the brain’s ability to modify itself after some types of injury or illness.

  3. Our Divided Brain Our brain is divided into two hemispheres. The left hemisphere processes reading, writing, speaking, mathematics, and comprehension skills. In the 1960s, it was termed as the dominant brain.

  4. Hemispherectomy - Splitting the Brain A procedure in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Corpus Callosum Courtesy of Terence Williams, University of Iowa Martin M. Rother

  5. Split Brain Patients With the corpus callosum severed: Objects (apple) presented in the right visual field can be named. Objects (pencil) in the left visual field cannot.

  6. Language Aphasiais an impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca’s area (impaired speaking) or to Wernicke’s area (impaired understanding).

  7. Divided Consciousness

  8. Try This! Try drawing one shape with your left hand and one with your right hand, simultaneously. BBC

  9. Non-Split Brains People with intact brains also show left-right hemispheric differences in mental abilities. A number of brain scan studies show normal individuals engage their right brain when completing a perceptual task and their left brain when carrying out a linguistic task.

  10. Which of the following activities is NOT primarily a function of the left hemisphere? • A. listening to a piano concerto • B. reading your psychology book • C. reading junk mail • D. listening to a poetry reading

  11. A split-brain patient’s right hemisphere is presented with a key. How is he most likely to respond? • A. say the word “key” • B. select a key from a group of objects presented to his left hand • C. select a key from a group of objects presented to his right hand • D. he will not be able to say “key” or to pick out a key from a group of objects with either hand

  12. Video Video: Brain plasticity – epilepsy: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSu9HGnlMV0 Brain plasticity – brain injury http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSnTJnXSL9U

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