American Life in the Seventeenth Century, 1607–1692

1. Chapter 4 American Life in the Seventeenth Century, 1607–1692

2. Question All of the following were true of Indentured servants EXCEPT • they voluntarily mortgaged themselves for several years to Chesapeake masters. • in exchange for their service, they received transatlantic passage and eventual freedom dues. • upon completion of their indenture, they received 50 acre plots of land with which to begin their lives as freeholders. • their freedom dues included a few barrels of corn, a suit of clothes, and perhaps a small parcel of land.

3. Answer All of the following were true of Indentured servants EXCEPT • they voluntarily mortgaged themselves for several years to Chesapeake masters. • in exchange for their service, they received transatlantic passage and eventual freedom dues. • upon completion of their indenture, they received 50 acre plots of land with which to begin their lives as freeholders. (correct) • their freedom dues included a few barrels of corn, a suit of clothes, and perhaps a small parcel of land. Hint: See pages 69–70.

4. Question The Headright system stipulated that • upon completion of their indenture, servants received 50 acre plots of land with which to begin their lives as freeholders. • only the heads of households had the right to own land in the New World. • towns with more than 50 families must provide for free public education for all children. • whoever paid the passage of a laborer received the right to acquire fifty acres of land.

5. Answer The Headright system stipulated that • upon completion of their indenture, servants received 50 acre plots of land with which to begin their lives as freeholders. • only the heads of households had the right to own land in the New World. • towns with more than 50 families must provide for free public education for all children. • whoever paid the passage of a laborer received the right to acquire fifty acres of land. (correct) Hint: See page 70.

6. Question All of the following were true of Bacon’s Rebellion EXCEPT • about a thousand Virginians broke out of control in 1676, led by a twenty-nine-year-old planter, Nathaniel Bacon. • Bacon successfully unseated Berkeley from his governorship, and set up his own, short-lived proprietary colony in Virginia. • many of the rebels were frontiersmen who had been forced into the untamed backcountry in search of arable land. • the rebels fiercely resented Berkeley’s friendly policies toward the Indians, whose thriving fur trade the governor monopolized.

7. Answer All of the following were true of Bacon’s Rebellion EXCEPT • about a thousand Virginians broke out of control in 1676, led by a twenty-nine-year-old planter, Nathaniel Bacon. • Bacon successfully unseated Berkeley from his governorship, and set up his own, short-lived proprietary colony in Virginia. (correct) • many of the rebels were frontiersmen who had been forced into the untamed backcountry in search of arable land. • the rebels fiercely resented Berkeley’s friendly policies toward the Indians, whose thriving fur trade the governor monopolized. Hint: See page 70.

8. Question The term Middle Passage referred to the • middle leg of the so-called Triangular Trade between American, Britain, and the Caribbean. • passage from Boston in New England, through New York and Philadelphia in the Middle Atlantic colonies, then south to Charleston. • transatlantic sea voyage that brought slaves to the New World. • passage of one’s soul from the Middling state of the Halfway Covenant into the saving grace of the Elect in Calvinist doctrine.

9. Answer The term Middle Passage referred to the • middle leg of the so-called Triangular Trade between American, Britain, and the Caribbean. • passage from Boston in New England, through New York and Philadelphia in the Middle Atlantic colonies, then south to Charleston. • transatlantic sea voyage that brought slaves to the New World. (correct) • passage of one’s soul from the Middling state of the Halfway Covenant into the saving grace of the Elect in Calvinist doctrine. Hint: See page72.

10. Question The South Carolina slave revolt involved • more than fifty resentful blacks along the Stono River, revolting and trying unsuccessfully to march to Spanish Florida. • an abortive plot, led by a blacksmith named Gabriel, to attack local slave owners. • a failed plot, led by a slave named Denmark Vescey, to take over the city of Charleston. • a revolt of over 200 slaves, led by a charismatic preacher, that killed 55 whites before the revolt was overthrown.

11. Answer The South Carolina slave revolt involved • more than fifty resentful blacks along the Stono River, revolting and trying unsuccessfully to march to Spanish Florida. (correct) • an abortive plot, led by a blacksmith named Gabriel, to attack local slave owners. • a failed plot, led by a slave named Denmark Vescey, to take over the city of Charleston. • a revolt of over 200 slaves, led by a charismatic preacher, that killed 55 whites before the revolt was overthrown. Hint: See page 76.

12. Question All of the following were true of the Half-Way Covenant EXCEPT it • modified the covenant, or the agreement between the church and its adherents. • admitted to baptism—but not full communion—the children of baptized but not-yet-converted existing members. • weakened the distinction between the elect and others, further diluting the spiritual purity of the original settlers’ godly community. • was largely responsible for the revived spirituality, which later engendered the Great Awakening.

13. Answer All of the following were true of the Half-Way Covenant EXCEPT it • modified the covenant, or the agreement between the church and its adherents. • admitted to baptism—but not full communion—the children of baptized but not-yet-converted existing members. • weakened the distinction between the elect and others, further diluting the spiritual purity of the original settlers’ godly community. • was largely responsible for the revived spirituality, which later engendered the Great Awakening. (correct) Hint: See page 83.

14. Question All of the following were true of the Salem Witch Trials EXCEPT • they grew not only from the superstitions and prejudices of the age, but also from the turmoil of the Indian Wars. • they arose from the fear of many religious traditionalists that the Puritan heritage was not sufficiently supportive of Yankee commercialism. • most of the accused witches came from families associated with Salem’s burgeoning market economy. • the accusers came largely from subsistence farming families in Salem’s hinterland.

15. Answer All of the following were true of the Salem Witch Trials EXCEPT • they grew not only from the superstitions and prejudices of the age, but also from the turmoil of the Indian Wars. • they arose from the fear of many religious traditionalists that the Puritan heritage was not sufficiently supportive of Yankee commercialism. (correct) • most of the accused witches came from families associated with Salem’s burgeoning market economy. • the accusers came largely from subsistence farming families in Salem’s hinterland. Hint: See page 84.

16. Question Leisler’s Rebellion involved • tensions between lordly landholders and aspiring merchants in New York. • resentment against upper-class pretensions in Virginia. • American blue bloods resenting the pretensions of the meaner sort and passing laws to try to keep them in their place in Massachusetts. • ill-feelings over scarcity of land in Pennsylvania.

17. Answer Leisler’s Rebellion involved • tensions between lordly landholders and aspiring merchants in New York. (correct) • resentment against upper-class pretensions in Virginia. • American blue bloods resenting the pretensions of the meaner sort and passing laws to try to keep them in their place in Massachusetts. • ill-feelings over scarcity of land in Pennsylvania. Hint: See page 86.

18. Question William Berkeley would have been most likely to say • “That old fool has put to death more people in that naked country than I did here for the murder of my father.” • “No country yields a more propitious air for our temper than New England.” • “How miserable that man is that governs a people where six parts of seven at least are poor, endebted, discontented, and armed.” • “It being one chief project of the old deluder, Satan, to keep men from the knowledge of the Scriptures…”

19. Answer William Berkeley would have been most likely to say • “That old fool has put to death more people in that naked country than I did here for the murder of my father.” • “No country yields a more propitious air for our temper than New England.” • “How miserable that man is that governs a people where six parts of seven at least are poor, endebted, discontented, and armed.” (correct) • “It being one chief project of the old deluder, Satan, to keep men from the knowledge of the Scriptures…” Hint: See page 70.

20. Question All of the following places saw major class-based or slave revolts EXCEPT • Western Virginia. • Philadelphia. • South Carolina. • New York City.

21. Answer All of the following places saw major class-based or slave revolts EXCEPT • Western Virginia. • Philadelphia. (correct) • South Carolina. • New York City. Hint: See page 76.