1 / 94

Wichita State University, Physics Department Seminar, Jan 27 2003

Wichita State University, Physics Department Seminar, Jan 27 2003. The Physics of Extra Dimensions (Looking for gravitons, black holes and other such animals). Maria Spiropulu Fermilab/CERN. What ?. A singular classical object (black hole)

len
Download Presentation

Wichita State University, Physics Department Seminar, Jan 27 2003

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Wichita State University, Physics Department Seminar, Jan 27 2003 The Physics of Extra Dimensions (Looking for gravitons, black holes and other such animals) Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 Maria Spiropulu Fermilab/CERN

  2. What ? • A singular classical object (black hole) • A massles spin 2 particle whose long-wavelength interactions are described by general relativity (graviton) • produced in high energy collisions!! Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  3. It is a matter of scale and geometry • From contact interaction to a gauge boson: the GFE2 behavior was tamed at short length scales • From gauge theory to string theory the GNE2 behavior seems to be tamed at even shorter length scales • With this comes a change in how we perceive spacetime geometry and dynamics: eg. Extra dimenisons • The Standared Model, Supersymmetry and the Kaluza-Klein theory under one umbrella Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  4. Large compact extra dimensions (ADD type) Warped extra dimensions (RS type) inverse TeV extra dimensions (Ignatios type) (most) all hybrids and combinations of above Fat branes, skiny branes, solid branes, soft branes, no branes, quivering branes, positive branes, negative branes, curved bulk, flat bulk, supersymmetric bulk, gravity in the bulk, gauge fields in the bulk, no gauge fields in the bulk, fermions in the bulk, no fermions in the bulk, right handed neutrinos in the bulk, &tc Models of extra dimensions Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  5. What extra dimensions can do for you • EWKB • hierarchy problem • SUSY Breaking • flavor Breaking • neutrino masses • proton decay suppression • Grand Unification • the cosmological constant • ... Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 Only high Tc superconductivity you cannot solve with extra dimensions everything else YES

  6. Going down, a step at a time MPlanck, Mstring, MGUT, M*, MD ,M?, MEWK • Bring down the Planck • to the GUT • to the TeV scale • in string theory with extra dimensions, • the 5th slightly bigger, • and then even bigger • and then more of them huge • (eg Kaluza-Klein, Witten-Horava, Lykken, ADD, RS) Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  7. : Gunnar Nordstrom Uber die Moglichkeit das electromagnetiche Feld und das Gravitationsfeld zu vereiningen Phys. Z. 15, 504 1914 : : Abstract. It is shown that a unified treatment of the electromagnetic and gravitational fields is possible if one views the four dimensional space time as a surface in a five dimensional world

  8. Thedor Kaluza Oscar Klein Kaluza Th.Sitzungsber. Press.Akad.Wiss.Math K1 (1921) 966 Klein O. Z.Phys. 37 (1926) 895

  9. Kaluza and Klein started from 5-dim gravity and derived 4-dim gravity plus electromagnetism They compactified the 5th dimension around a circle of radius R (“cylinder condition”) 5 Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 4

  10. Gauss’s Law If the n extra dimensions are compactified down to sizes R, then Gauss’s Law Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  11. Force laws large extra dimensions appear at length scale R as exchange of massive graviton KK modes, changing the gravitational force law Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 look for these deviations in short-range gravity expts

  12. short range gravity measurements Adelberger Heckel Hoyle Kapner Choi Gundlach Swanson Merkowitz Schmidt Butler Swanson Fieg : Eot-Wash Group

  13. short range gravity measurements PRL 86 1418 (2001)

  14. short range gravity measurements Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 l<150 mm M*>4 TeV C.D. Hoyle, Ph.D thesis University of Washington, 2001

  15. short range gravity measurements Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  16. (Price &Long) 100u

  17. Kaluza-Klein modes If a spatial dimension is periodic then the momentum in that dimension is quantized: From our dimensions of view the KK modes get mass: KK momentum tower of states Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 p 0

  18. ADD braneworld models Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, Dvali assume that only gravity sees nlarge extra compact dimensions with common size R: Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 in ADD models M* ~ 1 TeV, the energy reached by the Fermilab Tevatron

  19. these are large extra dimensions • Solar system Pinhead Gold atom ... Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 we can test these models in experiments

  20. hiding the extra dimensions (II) brane-worlds There could be other branes which would look like dark matter to us Standard Model particles are trapped on a brane and can’t move in the extra dimensions

  21. our brane Randall–Sundrum warped space G mother brane Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 5th dimension zero mode graviton likes to be near mother, but massive modes do not

  22. the warped braneworlds hide the extra dimensions even more efficiently than ADD braneworlds: current experimental upper bounds on the size of extra dimensions: compactified space: R <~ 10-16 cm ADD braneworlds: R <~ 200 microns warped braneworld : R <= infinity! Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 collider signals can also be dramatically different

  23. ADD-type # of extra dimensions, d effective Planck scale, MD RS-type curvature of AdS5, k extent of 5th dimension, R (brief) Model Description & Parameters d d Lp MPl (8p)-½ e-kRp d Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 AdS5 0 pR

  24. ADD mn= (n2/R2)½ n=(n1,n2,…nd) evenly spaced KK states set MD=1 TeV  d =1 R 1011 m d =2 R~0.4 mm 1/R~5 10-4 eV d =4 R~10-5 mm 1/R~20 keV d =6 R~30 fm 1/R~7 MeV RS mn=kxnLp(8p) ½(MPl)-1 xn denotes the roots of the first-order Bessel function not evenly spaced KK states set Lp=1 TeV  kR ~ 11-12 m1~TeV order (brief) Model Description & Parameters Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  25. Carlos,Marcela,Martin Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  26. Collider Signatures • KK-Graviton Emission., KK-Graviton Exchange, KK-Graviton Resonant Production, KK-Boson Resonant production • Monojets+Missing Energy, Dijets+Missing Energy, Monophotons+Missing Energy, Diphotons+Missing Energy, Dijets, Dileptons, Dileptons+missing energy, Diphotons, Dibosons • Results/Studies LEP, TeVI, TeVII, LHC, NLC/TESLA Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  27. qqbar->g G (n=2, M=1TeV, s=1.8TeV [Giudice, Rattazzi, Wells, Nucl. Phys. B544, 3 (1999) and corrected version, hep-ph/9811291] Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 Lykken/Matchev/Burkett/Spiropulu

  28. qq  Gg [Mirabelli, Perelstein, Peskin, PRL 82, 2236 (1999)] very very optimistic estimates n MSreach,Run I MS reach, Run II 2 1100 GeV 1400 GeV 3 950 GeV 1150 GeV 4 850 GeV 1000 GeV 5 700 GeV 900 GeV LHC 100fb-1 8.5 TeV 6.8 TeV 5.8 TeV 5.0 TeV Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  29. Summary LEP 184 GeV 189 GeV Graviton Emission 202 GeV e+e- gG e+e- ZG n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6 1.28 0.97 0.78 0.66 0.57 0.35 0.22 0.17 0.14 0.12 A D L3 1.38 1.02 0.84 0.68 0.58 1.02 0.81 0.67 0.58 0.51 0.60 0.38 0.29 0.24 0.21 Virtual Graviton Exchange e+e- m+m- t+t- qq f f gg WW ZZ Combined ALL 0.80 1.03 0.63 0.68 0.57 0.59 0.66/0.61 0.55/0.55 (bb) 0.82 1.04 0.91 0.92 0.84/1.12 (<189) 0.75/1.00 A D L3 O Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 0.59 0.73 0.56 0.65 0.60 0.76 0.69 0.71 0.60/0.76 (ff) (<202) 0.91 0.99 0.56 0.69 0.58 0.54 0.49 0.49 0.84 1.00 0.80 0.79 0.68 0.79 0.76 0.77 0.87/1.07 (<189) 0.82/0.89 (VV) 0.63 0.60 0.50 0.63 0.61 0.68 0.63 0.64 0.61/0.68 (ff) (<189) G. Landsberg hep-ex/0009038

  30. Davoudiasl, Hewett,Rizzo Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 1500 GeV KK graviton/ its tower of states at LHC

  31. e+e- gG@L3 [Giudice, Rattazzi, Wells, Nucl. Phys. B544, 3 (1999) and cor. version: hep ph/9811291] Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 (GMSB analyses)

  32. MS = 1 TeV, n=2 e+e- gG@ALEPH 2-d Fit Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  33. ( a la Higgs analyses) e+e-GZ [Balazs, Dicus, He, Repko, Yuan, hep-ph/9904220, Z width] [Cheung, Keung, hep-ph/9903294, recoil mass] MET+jets n sZG(pb) e sZG95%(pb) Ms(TeV) 2 0.64 0.56 0.29 0.60 3 0.08 0.56 0.30 0.38 4 0.01 0.55 0.30 0.29 Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004 L3: Phys. Lett. B470, 281 (1999) Visible Mass analysis ALEPH-CONF-99-027 Total cross section analysis

  34. Eg. Graviton Emission Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  35. Signal topology Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  36. Signal topology Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  37. two events are real CDF data and one is graviton simulation; which is which?

  38. Analysis Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  39. normalize using Zee data normalize using Zee data, SM W/Z ratio and universality normalize using dijet data normalize using theory cross section Z  nn + jets W tn + jets W  en + jets QCD Dibosons tt, single top STRATEGY: Normalize wherever possible using data Physics Backgrounds Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  40. Zee: standard(izable) candle Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  41. Zee standard shapes Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  42. Wen standard shapes Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  43. Select low MET clean dijets in data Normalize Herwig 2 to 2 selected dijets with data Multiple checks that normalization holds at high MET QCD Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  44. Keep 1 or 2 jet events ET1>80, if 2nd ET(2)>30 GeV Indirect lepton removal no isolated stiff tracks jet electomagnetic fraction< 0.9 minimum angular separation between MET vector and jet >0.3 to reduce residual QCD MET>80 GeV optimize for graviton signal Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  45. Summary of Backgrounds • Uncertainties are stat. plus syst. • QCD ~14% uncertainty due to jet resolution • 4% uncertainty from the luminosity Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  46. data selection&graviton acceptance Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  47. DATA vs PREDICTIONS Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  48. DATA vs PREDICTIONS Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

  49. Signal Expectations Maria piropulu, Wichita State University, Jan 27 2004

More Related