Agriculture

1. Agriculture By: Jaylin, Nick, Ryan, and Jordyn

2. Important People • Charles “Turnip” Townshend a farmer who came up with a way to preserve destroying the soil by using different kinds of crops in a rotation. His system was later known as the “Crop Rotation”. The crop rotation consisted of: wheat, turnips, oats, and clovers. Townshend’s system became a basic principle of modern farming. • JethroTull felt that spreading seeds over a wide are by hand wasn’t productive so he created the seed drill. The seed drill was used to plant seeds deep into the soil instead of at the top. Most of the seeds planted at the top of the soil were washed away. The seed drill also helped plant the seeds in straight rows.

3. Important People Cont. • Robert Ransome invented an iron plow into three parts. He made it into three parts so that farmers could replace broken parts. Normally before the invention of the iron plow farmers would have to buy a plow if a part broke. With Ransomes invention they could just replace a part for a low cost. • Robert Blakewell was the first stock breeder of farm animals. Robert would only breed certain kinds of animals together to produce more animals. With more animals on the farm and other inventions farmers were able to be more productive with a smaller work load.

4. Advancements • Horse-drawn seed drill • This machine created by JethroTull planted seeds in a straight row. The original seed drill was suggested by John Worlidge by 1699, but there was never any complete evidence that he ever built a seed drill. Tull improved upon the seed drill. He then used horse , instead of the usual work animal, the oxen. • Stock breeding • Stock breeding, invented by Robert Bakewell, improved quality of animals to produce more meat, milk, and wool. The stockbreeding methods were introduced by Bakewell and these methods transformed the quality of Britain’s cattle, horses, and sheep.

5. Advancements Cont. • Mechanical reaper • The mechanical reaper, created by Cyrus McCormick, made grain harvesting easier. It was introduced to other farmers in 1831. Just 16 years later he began the mass production of the mechanical reaper in a Chicago factory. • Iron plows: • Replaced the wood plow. Invented by Robert Ransome, and had 3 parts so a farmer could easily replace a broken part at low cost.

6. Key Terms • Factors of production- A combination of conditions that helped England during the Industrial Revolution • Enclosure Movement- When farmers combined scattered lands to form a larger farm to be able to farm more efficiently. • Mechanization- To equip with machinery especially to replace human or animal labor. • Corporation- A group of merchants or traders united in a trade guild

7. Impact on Great Britain • Industrial Revolution had a great impact on Great Britain • The Agricultural Revolution would make farm labor easier and increased production • Also farmers who could afford the new equipment would do well, but ones that couldn’t will go out of business • All the unemployed farmers would then movie to the cities to work in factories for high pay

8. Impact on Great Britain Cont. • Farmers now able to produce more in a shorter time period • England’s land will be cut up in to precise properties, and the farms will look more industrialized • In general, there will be less farmers, but will have bigger farms.

9. How The Agricultural Revolution will spread & impact other countries • Other countries will start to use England’s new ideas and inventions in agriculture • While farmers are getting accustom to the new ways they will reform any flaws in the system • Farms all over the world will start using the new machines and farms will look more like farms • Then small farmers stuck on using old ways will go out of business • large farms using new machines will make all of the profit because they are mass producing. • And Eventually the entire world will have industrialized the agriculture system

10. Why We Are The Best • During the Industrial Revolution more people moved to cities so there was more mouths to feed • Without the Agricultural Revolution there wouldn’t have been enough food to feed everybody. More people could be fed. • Farmers who bought the new equipment became rich • Turned farming into an industry, and farmers start to work more like factories. • Produce and livestock could be produced fast in a short amount of time as a result