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Natural Enemies & Insecticides

Natural Enemies & Insecticides. Celeste Welty February 2012. How to use insecticides in presence of natural enemies?. Choose product: Selective (by mode of action) or Very short residual activity. Insecticides. OMRI-listed, narrow spectrum viruses (Gemstar) bacteria ( B.t. : Dipel)

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Natural Enemies & Insecticides

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  1. Natural Enemies & Insecticides Celeste Welty February 2012

  2. How to use insecticides in presence of natural enemies? Choose product: • Selective (by mode of action) or • Very short residual activity

  3. Insecticides • OMRI-listed, narrow spectrum • viruses (Gemstar) • bacteria (B.t.: Dipel) • Pheromones (CheckMate-TPW) • OMRI-listed, broad spectrum • soaps • oils • botanicals: neem, pyrethrins • fungi: Beauveria

  4. Sources of info on non-target effects • Scientific journals • Review articles • Individual studies • Insect supply companies • Koppert • Biobest

  5. Effects of insecticides • Direct • Contact toxicity • Residual toxicity • Sub-lethal effects • Physiology • Behavior • Indirect effects • Food supply

  6. 4 examples of research reports on specific systems

  7. Data from research trials: parasitoid of squash bug in Georgia Walking on residues or contact by spray Ingestion But note: no mention of effect on PEST

  8. Data from research trials: avocado lace bug & lacewings in Calif. PEST ENEMY WANT HIGH MORTALITY WANT LOW MORTALITY

  9. Data from research trials: avocado lace bug & lacewings in Calif. PEST ENEMY good bad bad WANT HIGH MORTALITY WANT LOW MORTALITY

  10. Data from research trials: whiteflies on eggplant in Egypt predators pest parasitoids (Beauveria) best • Helpful that 4 enemies evaluated, as well as the pest • Look for least harsh to enemies but suppression of pest

  11. Koppert Biological Systems,Webpage on ‘side effects’for 47 natural enemies &137 chemicals

  12. Koppert Biological Systems,Webpage on ‘side effects’for 47 natural enemies &137 chemicals Green = good Red= bad

  13. Koppert: lacewings & spinosad

  14. Koppert: lacewings & spinosad Note difference between life stages

  15. Next 3 slides…use Koppert charts to compare multiple enemies & multiple chemicalslook for general trends:some columns mostly greensome columns mostly red

  16. Koppert: 4 predator insects & 7 OMRI products

  17. Koppert: 4 parasitoid insects & 7 OMRI products

  18. Koppert: 3 predatory mites & 7 OMRI products

  19. Biobest:Webpage & new mobile app on ‘side effects’for 21 natural enemies & 263 chemicals

  20. Biobest: 4 predators & 5 OMRI products Note similar trends as on the Koppert charts

  21. Trends? • Not harsh: • azadirachtin • B.T. • Harsh: • soap (potassium salts of fatty acids) • Mixed results: • spinosad • pyrethrins • mineral oil

  22. Caution… • These do not include consideration of efficacy of chemical against the PEST….

  23. Hierarchy of harshness to natural enemies Spray conventional (non-OMRI) >> Spray OMRI broad spectrum (soaps, oils, botanicals, fungi) >> Spray OMRI narrow spectrum (viruses, pheromones, bacteria) >> No spray

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