Chapter 29 Section 2 (Cold War)

1. Chapter 29 Section 2 (Cold War) • Both the United States and USSR worked hard to develop new weapons bringing in the arms race • One effect of the arms race was an ever present threat of nuclear war • This threat also served as a deterrence of an attack by either side • 1957, The Soviet Union launched the first satellite, (Sputnik) in history jumping ahead in the space race, the United States responded by starting NASA

2. Cuba • In 1959, Communist rebels under Fidel Castro overthrew the leader of Cuba and established a Communist government • In 1961, the US government led a failed attempt to take Castro out of power it became known as the Bay of Pigs Invasion • This led the Castro to allow Soviet Missiles to be put in to Cuba causing a massive standoff between the US and USSR known as the Cuban Missile Crisis

3. Conflicts around the World • The Berlin Wall started to go up in 1961 as a result of people fleeing East Berlin/Germany for a better situation in the West • The United States and USSR took sides all over the World on issues like: The Suez Canal, Independence in Africa and Asia, and spreading ideas of Communism • Nations that refused to take sides in the rivalry between the superpowers were called Nonaligned Nations

4. Arms control • Fear after the Cuban Missile crisis led to the Test Ban Treaty that outlawed nuclear testing • SALT I led to the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, which prevented the development of weapons designed to shoot down nuclear missiles