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Chapter 26 Section 1 Origins of the Cold War

Chapter 26 Section 1 Origins of the Cold War. Objectives. We will discuss the events that began the Cold War. United Nations Satellite Nation Containment Iron Curtain Cold War Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan. Berlin Airlift North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Terms & Names.

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Chapter 26 Section 1 Origins of the Cold War

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  1. Chapter 26 Section 1Origins of the Cold War

  2. Objectives • We will discuss the events that began the Cold War

  3. United Nations Satellite Nation Containment Iron Curtain Cold War Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan Berlin Airlift North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Terms & Names

  4. Former Allies Clash • Who were the Allies in WWII?

  5. Communists vs. Capitalists • Joseph Stalin • Harry S. Truman

  6. The United Nations • An organization designed to promote peace among nations. • April 25, 1945 San Francisco • June 26, 1945

  7. Potsdam Conference • July 1945 • The Big Three • Discussed structure of Europe after the War

  8. Bargaining at Potsdam • USSR wanted Germany to pay for war damages. • How would Truman feel about this? • Communism vs. Capitalism

  9. What USSR Wanted • Encourage communism in Europe • Rebuild with Eastern Europe resources • Control Eastern Europe • Keep Germany divided

  10. What United States Wanted • Create a New World Order. • Gain access to raw materials and markets • Rebuild Europe to ensure stability • Reunite Germany and make it productive

  11. Soviets Tighten Their Grip • Splitting Germany • Satellite Nations

  12. United States Stance • Containment • Divided Europe • Iron Curtain

  13. The Start of the Cold War • 1945-1991 • Greece and Turkey • England assisted to stop communism • Truman Doctrine • US would support free people who are resisting outside pressures • $400,000,000

  14. The Marshall Plan • How was Europe after WWII? • 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall • 16 countries • $13,000,000,000 in aid.

  15. Remember this?

  16. Clash of the Titans • USSR did not have to grant access to Berlin. • June 1948 all roads and rails were closed. • Only five weeks of food and fuel. • What can be done?

  17. Berlin Airlift • 327 Days • 24 hours a day • 277,000 flights • Food, fuel, medicine, gifts • By May 1949 USSR gives up.

  18. NATO Alliance • April 9, 1949 • North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Protection

  19. Chapter 26 Section 2The Cold War Heats Up.

  20. Objectives • We will discuss how the Cold War was a battle beyond just USA vs USSR. • We will learn how communism spread to other places.

  21. Terms & Names • Chiang Kai-sek • Mao Zedong • Taiwan • 38th Parallel • Korean War

  22. The Cold War • Who were the two main players?

  23. China Becomes Communist • What was Japan doing prior to WWII?

  24. China Becomes Communist • Chiang Kai-Shek – Nationalist Leader • U.S. sent $3,000,000,000 in aid. • Helped his allies.

  25. China Becomes Communist • China had a rice famine in 1944. • What should Kai-shek do? • Taxes • 10,000% increase in price.

  26. China Becomes Communist • Communism • Protests • Mao Zedong • Communist Party • Encouraged education

  27. A Renewed Civil War • Japan loses WWII • Nationalists vs. Communists • U.S. tried to broker peace and help the Nationalists. • In 1949 the nationalists fled to Taiwan. • Peoples Republic of China

  28. United States Reaction • Containment failed • Truman was attacked by Republicans and Democrats. • Some blamed hidden communists

  29. 1949 Election • Harry S. Truman – Democrat • Thomas Dewey – Republican • Strom Thurmond - Dixiecrat

  30. 1949 Election • We finished WWII • Now we are spending money in Asia. • How would the voters feel?

  31. The Korean War • Japan invaded Korea during WWII. • After the war all land above the 38th Parallel was surrendered to the Soviets. • Korea became split.

  32. North Attacks South • June 25, 1950 • North Korea invaded South Korea. • South Korea called the United Nations for help. • USSR did not attend the meeting. • How would the U.S. react?

  33. United States Reaction • June 27 Truman ordered troops in Japan to help. • 520,000 soldiers • UN and US • Douglas MacArthur

  34. MacArthur’s Counterattack • Sept 15, 1950 he launched an amphibious attack.

  35. Chinese Fight Back • China assists the North Koreans • Allowed the South fight back to the border. • November 1950, 300,000 Chinese soldiers line up at the Yalu River • “We face an entirely new war”

  36. Stalemate! • Chinese soldiers outnumbered ten to one. • Fought at the border for two years.

  37. MacArthur’s Solution • Attack China • Use nuclear weapons • What would Truman say? • Sent more troops to South Korea instead.

  38. MacArthur vs. Truman • MacArthur wanted to still attack China. • Spoke to newspapers about his plan. • Wrote to Republican leaders. • April 1, 1951 he was fired by Truman.

  39. The End • After the firing USSR suggested a cease-fire. • June 23, 1951 • 54,000 US deaths • $67,000,000,000 • 1952 election was coming up.

  40. Chapter 26 Section 3The Cold War at Home

  41. Objectives • We will learn how the Cold War affected politics in the United States.

  42. Vocabulary • HUAC • Hollywood Ten • Blacklist • Alger Hiss • Ethel and Julius Rosenberg • Joseph McCarthy • McCarthyism

  43. Fear • What are you afraid of?

  44. Fear of Communism • Soviet Union • China • Korea • United States?

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