PA 395 Day 2 Non-Profits and the Environment Gary Flomenhoft June 7, 2003

1. PA 395 Day 2 Non-Profits and the Environment Gary Flomenhoft June 7, 2003

2. Eco-philosophy A) Indigenous: hunter/gatherer B) Early agriculturalist: pagan, goddess C) Religious: Christian, Buddhist, Taoist D) Modern philosophical: utilitarian, transcendental, natural law, deontological, E) Radical Ecology: biophilia, bioregionalism, bio-centrism/animal rights, deep ecology, eco-feminism, etc.

3. Eco-Philosophy: Western Philosophical

4. Religious Environmentalism The National Religious Partnership for the Environment is a formal alliance of major faith groups and denominations across the spectrum of Jewish and Christian communities and organizations in the United States. Its four founding partners include: The U.S. Catholic Conference, the National Council of Churches of Christ, the Coalition on the Environment and Jewish Life, and the Evangelical Environmental Network. The Partnership is integrating care for God's creation throughout religious life: theology, worship, social teaching, education, congregational life, and public policy initiative. And we seek to provide inspiration, moral vision, and commitment to social justice for all efforts to protect the natural world and human well-being within it. http://www.nrpe.org/

5. Religious Environmentalism In the United States, 3,500 Lutheran, Presbyterian, Unitarian, and Quaker congregations have committed to purchasing fairly-traded, shade-grown, often organic coffee. Just five years old, the Interfaith Coffee Program now supplies about one percent of the country’s congregations and is the fastest-growing source of revenue for the Equal Exchange Coffee Company, the program’s sponsor. In the 1990s, “environmentalist monks” in Thailand opposed shrimp farming and dam and pipeline construction and protected mangroves and bird populations. They even preserved trees by “ordaining” them within sacred community forests. "You might not think spirituality and environmentalism are natural allies," says Gardner, "yet in a recent survey, 56 percent of Americans said we should preserve the environment 'because it is God's creation.' Religious motivations for environmentalism lie just below the surface for many Americans. These sentiments are blossoming in the U.S. worldwide, helping to renew the environment."

6. Market Environmentalism-Principles Private property rights encourage stewardship of resources. Government subsidies often degrade the environment. Market incentives spur individuals to conserve resources and protect environmental quality. Polluters should be liable for the harm they cause others. What do free-market environmentalists believe? Like all environmentalists, free-market environmentalists believe that we face serious environmental problems, including pollution, habitat destruction, toxics, and endangered species. Unlike some environmentalists, free-market environmentalists believe that decentralized tools such as user fees, incentives, and markets will solve those problems better than centralized tools such as subsidies, bureaucracy, and regulation.

7. Market Environmentalism-Members Competitive Enterprise Institute Political Economy Research Center Heartland Institute Cato Institute Reason Magazine Independent Institute Laissez Faire Books Institute for Humane Studies * Other Groups and Individuals

8. Radical Ecology Deep Ecology Spiritual Ecology Social Ecology Green Politics Eco-Feminism Sustainable Development

9. Flo’s Paradigm Dialectic

10. Environmental history since 1945. Triggering events A) Echo Park dam B) DDT/ Silent Spring C) Santa Barbara oil spill/ Earth Day D) Cayuhoga River E) Lead in gasoline F) Love Canal G) 3 mile island/ nuclear power H) Bhopal CFCs Chernobyl CO2/ climate change

11. Hydro-Illogical Cycle

12. Flo’s Eco-Illogical Cycle

13. Types of strategies/tactics: advocacy vs. service: Case Studies Standard Tactics/ Gain access to Decision making: Lobbying, electioneering, litigation, coalition building, and public mobilization Advocacy and Publicity-emotional appeals, Scientific Research-Expertise Direct Action What do Nature Conservancy and Earth First have in common?

14. Types of strategies/tactics: advocacy vs. service: Case Studies A) Adversarial i) Direct action ii) Legal Boycotts B) Transformational i) Lobbying ii) Education Legal C) Exemplary/Personal: individual vs collective action i) Boycott/buycott ii) SR investing iii) Whistleblowing iv) Eco-villages

15. Policy Analysis Normative analysis Political analysis Ecological-economics Quantitative/statistical