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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791). REQUIEM . Biography. Early years

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

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  1. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart(1756-1791) REQUIEM

  2. Biography • Early years Mozart was born on January 27, 1957 in Salzburg. His parents were father, Leopold Mozart and mother, Anna Maria. He also had a sister, Maria Anna. Mozart was only three years old as he watched his father teach Nannerl(nickname for Maria) the keyboard. When Mozart was four, Leopold started teaching Wolfgang minuets on the clavier and at five years old, Mozart was creating little pieces for himself and played them to his father, which he wrote down.

  3. Middle yearsAs the years went by, Leopold took Mozart traveling so that he could show the talent of his son. They went to Italy for two years and left Mozart’s mother and sister behind. While they were there, Mozart heard Gregory Allegri’sMiserere twice and was able to write it down from memory. When they returned from their trip back to Salzburg, Mozart was given a job as court musician but quickly became discontent with his low salary and sought out a new job. After he left his job as court musician in Salzburg, he traveled to Mannheim, Paris, Munich, and Augsburg looking for work. He wasn’t able to find much and became broke until he made it to Vienna.

  4. Later Years Mozart’s career in Vienna was going well and he played the piano and he was established as the “finest keyboard player in Vienna” but also was a great composer as well. Mozart moved in with the Weber family where he met his wife Constanze. They had six children, but only two survived infancy. Mozart became very familiar with Johann Sebastian Bach and George Fredric Handel and the baroque style in which Mozart himself started creating works in baroque. Mozart also eventually met Joseph Haydn in Vienna and they did a number of works together as they became friends and tried to play together whenever they were both in town.

  5. Last years and RequiemBetween 1788-1791 Mozart would every now and again become very ill, but it wasn’t stopping him from creating many works. In fact he created some of his greatest works the couple years he had left including The Magic Flute, Ave verum corpus, and his unfinished Requiem which was very mentally distracted on right before his death in 1791 on December 5, 1971.

  6. Requiem • The Requiem Mass in D Minor was composed in Vienna in 1791, but was unfinished due to the death of Mozart later that year. His wife, Constanze, however wanted it completed and gave the work to a few composers to complete the work but have it be published as Mozart’s work. Requiem consists of two basset horns, two bassoons, two trumpets, three trombones, timpani, violins, viola, and basso continuo. Vocal include soprano, contralto, tenor, and bass and SATB mixed choir.

  7. Requiem(2) • Requiem is divided into fourteen movements: • Introitus: Requiem aeternam (choir and soprano solo) • Kyrie eleison (choir) • Sequentia: Dies irae, tuba mirum, rextremendaemajestatis, recordare, confutatismaledictis, lacrimosa dies illa. • Offertorium: DomineJesuChriste, Versus: hostias et preces • Sanctus: Sanctus dominusdeussabaoth, benedictus • Agnus Dei • Communio: Luxaeterna

  8. Introduction to Requiem Melody: Delicate, moves slowly, picks up. Harmony: D minor Texture: Slow at first, picks up and is very jumpy, lows, highs, quiet, loud. Expression: Slow dynamic, but picks up into allegro as it moves throughout.

  9. Listening Guide Mozart: Requiem in D Minor Date: 1791 Grant them eternal rest, Lord,and let perpetual light shine on them.You are praised, God, in Zion,and homage will be paid to You in Jerusalem.Hear my prayer,to You all flesh will come.Grant them eternal rest, Lord,and let perpetual light shine on them. Lord, have mercy on us.Christ, have mercy on us.Lord, have mercy on us. Day of wrath, day of angerwill dissolve the world in ashes,as foretold by David and the Sibyl.Great trembling there will bewhen the Judge descends from heavento examine all things closely. • Introit: Requiem Requiem aeternamdonaeis, Domine,et luxperpetualuceateis.Te decethymnus, Deus, in Sion,et tibireddeturvotum in Jerusalem.Exaudiorationemmeam,ad teomnis care veniet.Requiem aeternamdonaeis, Domine,et luxperpetualuceateis. II. KyrieKyrie, eleison.Christe, eleison.Kyrie, eleison. III. Sequence1. Dies irae Dies irae, dies illaSolvetsaeclum in favilla,teste David cum Sibylla.Quantus tremor estfuturus,quandojudexestventurus,cunctastrictediscussurus!

  10. Listening Guide continued Tuba mirum Tuba mirumspargenssonumper sepulcraregionum,cogetomnes ante thronum. Mors stupebit et natura,cum resurgetcreatura,judicantiresponsura.Liberscriptusproferetur,in quo totumcontinetur,undemundusjudicetur. Judex ergo cum sedebit,quidquidlatet, apparebit,nil inultumremanebit. Quid sum miser tuncdicturus?quempatronumrogaturus,cum vixjustus sit securus? The trumpet will send its wondrous soundthroughout earth's sepulchresand gather all before the throne. Death and nature will be astounded,when all creation rises again,to answer the judgement.A book will be brought forth,in which all will be written,by which the world will be judged. When the judge takes his place,what is hidden will be revealed,nothing will remain unavenged. What shall a wretch like me say?Who shall intercede for me,when the just ones need mercy?

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