Energy Balance & Reference Energy System (RES)

1. Energy Balance & Reference Energy System (RES) Amrit Nakarmi SEPPA Lec 3 02 Aug 2016

3. Energy Balance • The basic tool of energy analysis is the energy balance table. • The columns of the table show different energy forms such as petroleum products, electricity and traditional fuels. Domestic prod + imports-exports+ stock changes- conversion inputs =domestic consumption

4. Energy Conversion WEO, 2008

5. Energy Balance • Energy balances are often displayed in physical units (KWh, TOE, GJ, etc.). The unit desirable is single unit. • The example given are:

6. Energy Balance (Sichuan Province, China) Tsinghua University, 2003

7. Reference Energy System (RES) • RES is useful way of conceptualizing the use of energy in a national economy as a network. The links represent specific uses such as transformation and production of different energy forms. The most used is the RES. • RES serves not only as the graphic representation but also as analytical framework for demand analysis.

8. Reference Energy System (RES) • RES was originally designed in early 1970s as tool for technology assessment in the USA, but it has been widely used for energy assessment and energy planning and policy studies. • Energy system once viewed as network of energy flows, the optimal flow of energy in such a network can be used for mathematical modeling techniques in network analysis.

13. Energy Balance in 2010 (E-Sankey diagram)

14. Energy flow chart, USA, 2005 (Randolph and masters, 2008)