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Control of Weeds in Rights-of-Way

Control of Weeds in Rights-of-Way. Mark Ferrell University of Wyoming. Rights-of-Way. Areas involved in common transport Federal, State, County, and Township highways and roads Public airports Railroads Electric utilities / transformer and substations Pipelines / pumping stations

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Control of Weeds in Rights-of-Way

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  1. Control of Weeds in Rights-of-Way Mark Ferrell University of Wyoming

  2. Rights-of-Way • Areas involved in common transport • Federal, State, County, and Township highways and roads • Public airports • Railroads • Electric utilities / transformer and substations • Pipelines / pumping stations • Public surface drainage ways and irrigation waterways • Some public paths and trails

  3. Why Bother Controlling Weeds in Rights-Of-Way? • Often safety hazards • Impede safety recovery zone (Clear zone) • Impair vision • Create fire hazards • Cause snow drifting • A legal mandate for “Noxious” weeds • Potentially damaging to structures • To prevent spread • To maintain use and maintenance of the ROW and worker safety in ROWs • Aesthetics

  4. Weed Control Options • Physical • Cultural • Biological • Chemical • Develop a complete weed management plan • Weed ID for proper herbicide selection • There are no silver bullets!

  5. Physical Control: Mechanical • Mowing factors to consider • Location of the growing points • Grasses versus broadleaves • Annual versus perennial • Timing in relation to plant growth stage • Seedling-vegetative-bud-flowering-mature • Multiple mowings can reduce root energy reserves • Can be used with herbicides successfully • Worker and driver safety • Risk of flying debris, PTO safety

  6. Growth form of yellow starthistle affects mowing success

  7. Chemical Control: Herbicides • Pre- versus postemergent • Selective versus nonselective • Contact versus translocated • Persistent versus non-persistent

  8. Consider Non-Target Vegetation • Proximity of trees, shrubs, flowers, crops • If tree rooting zone extends into treated area… • Weed control can be done under trees in many cases (always check the label) • Slope • Drift, volatility and soil residual activity important • Temperature, wind, water, and soil movement

  9. Preventing Herbicide Resistance • Continuous use of the same herbicides or modes of action may select for individuals that are more tolerant or resistant to the herbicide • Rotate herbicides with different modes of action • Kochia, lambsquarters, redroot pigweed

  10. Amino Acid Inhibitors • Non-persistent • Glyphosate (Roundup 3 SC) 1-5 qt/A • Persistent • Imazapyr (Arsenal 2L) 1-3 qt/A • Chlorsulfuron (Telar 75 DF) 0.25-3 oz/A • Metsulfuron (Escort 60 DF) 0.33-2 oz/A • Sulfometuron (Oust 75 DF) 1.33-12 oz/A

  11. Growth Regulators • Dicamba (Banvel 4L) 0.5-8 qt / A • Clopyralid (Transline 3 EC) 0.25-1.33 pt/A • Triclopyr (Garlon 3A 3L) 1-12 qt / A • Triclopyr (Garlon 4EC) 1-8 qt/A • Picloram (Tordon 22K 2L) 1-4 qt / A • 2,4-D 4EC 1-2 qt/A

  12. Photosynthesis Inhibitors • Bromacil (Hyvar X 80W) 3-15 lb/A • Bromacil + Diuron (Krovar 1 DF) 4-30 lb/A • Diuron (Karmex IWC 80DF) 5-15 lb/A • Prometon (Pramitol 25E 2L) 5-10 gal/A • Tebuthiuron (Spike 20P) 3.8-30 lb/A • Hexazinone (Velpar 2L) 1-6 gal/A

  13. Cell Membrane Disruptors • Paraquat (Gramoxone extra) 2-3 pt/A • Diquat (Reward) 1-2 pt/A • Glufosinate (Finale) 2-6 qts/A

  14. Cell Division Inhibitors • Oryzalin (Surflan 4EC) 2-6 qt/A • Pendimethalin (Pendulum 3.3EC) 2.4-4.8 qt/A • Prodiamine (Endurance) 1-2.3 lb/A

  15. Other Herbicides • Fosamine (Krenite-S 4L) 1.5-6 gal/A • Inhibits bud development • Norflurazon (Solicam DF) 2.5-5 lb/A • Norflurazon (Predict) 2.5-5 lb/A • Pigment inhibitor

  16. Urban and Residential Areas • Use caution when applying volatile or soil residual herbicides in urban areas • Tree, shrub, and flower replacement can get quite expensive

  17. Krovar (10 lb/A) + Oust (3 oz/A)

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