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Modern Conflict in Mid-East

Modern Conflict in Mid-East. Modern Conflict. 1964- the Palestinian Liberation Organization(PLO) is formed-political and paramilitary organization of Palestinians dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state in the region historically known as Palestine.

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Modern Conflict in Mid-East

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  1. Modern Conflict in Mid-East

  2. Modern Conflict • 1964- the Palestinian Liberation Organization(PLO) is formed-political and paramilitary organization of Palestinians dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state in the region historically known as Palestine. • It was led by Yasser Arafat since 1969 until his death in 2004.

  3. Cont… • By 1975, Egypt wants to become allies with U.S. and pushes for negotiations with Israel after expelling the Soviets • Israel gives some land back to Egypt including the West side of the Suez. • Suez re-opens by 1975. • President Anwar Sadat(Egypt) wants to make peace with Israel and together at the Camp David accords, they set terms for peace treaty in 1979.**this angers other Arab states**

  4. Cont… • 1982-War in Lebanon • PLO operates out of Jordan • Palestinians and Jordanians fight a civil war and the Palestinians are booted to Lebanon where they begin attacking Northern Israel. • Israel in turn attacks Lebanon and PLO Bases where the PLO is defeated and Arafat is expelled from Lebanon.

  5. Cont.. • By 1985, Arafat is seen as a terrorist • 1987-Intifada I-Violence vs. Israeli troops with rocks/cocktails, ect. • Between 88-95, all work to get Palestine recognized and the PLO as the central authority. • 93-95 OSLO I/II-Work towards peace treaty and independent Palestinian State in West Bank • Palestinian Authority becomes an administration, not a State.

  6. Cont…. • Prior to signing the accords, Arafat as Chairman of the PLO and as its official representative signed two letters renouncing violence and officially recognizing Israel on September 9, 1993. In return Prime Minister Rabin, on behalf of Israel, officially recognized the PLO. • The following year Arafat was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

  7. Cont… • ’94-Israel signs second peace treaty with Jordan • 2000-The failures at Camp David Accords cause the Intifada II • This time, Palestinians are armed and have some troops • Shootings and now suicide bombs were the norm, unlike the Intifada I.

  8. Cont… • Problems existing between the two sides: • Refugees-where do they go? • Land/Jerusalem-who gets what? • Terror/Hamas(Islamic resistance movement) • Water rights-how much/who gets what?

  9. Other conflicts • Iran-Iraq war-1980-1988:Iran invades Iran and results in many casualties and costs billions of dollars • Iraqi president Saddam Hussein claimed as the reason for his attack on Iran a territorial dispute over the Shat al Arab, a waterway that empties into the Persian Gulf and forms the boundary between Iran and Iraq. • Gulf War 1990-1991 • Kurds in Northern Iraq • Modern war in Iraq(Terrorism/Bin Laden)

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