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THE LEGISLATURE

THE LEGISLATURE. INTRODUCTION. Government is one of the essential elements of state. Generally usage of word ‘Government’ with reference to executive. The term however includes all three agencies- legislature, executive, and judiciary.

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THE LEGISLATURE

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  1. THE LEGISLATURE

  2. INTRODUCTION • Government is one of the essential elements of state. • Generally usage of word ‘Government’ with reference to executive. • The term however includes all three agencies- legislature, executive, and judiciary. • Legislature makes laws, Executive enforces them and the judiciary administers, interprets and applies the law.

  3. INTRODUCTION • Legislature occupies an important place in modern state • The functions of legislature vary country to country. • Legislature occupies a place of pride in democratic system. • The primary work of legislature is law making./

  4. In practice to describe the political bodies with very similar functions i.e. • congress in USA • national assembly in France • house of representatives in Japan • parliament in Singapore • Congress of deputies in Spain • Sansad in India

  5. An assembly or legislature is seen as the representative of the people. • Regardless of their legislative powers and representative features parliament above all are debating chambers; that is the forum in which policies and political issues can be openly discussed and scrutinized.

  6. The role of the legislature differ from one country to the other. • It provides a link between government and the people. • A channel of communication that can both support the government and help to uphold the regime.

  7. Functions of legislature • Legislation • Representation • Scrutiny • Political recruitment • Legitimacy

  8. STRUCTURE OF LEGISLATION • Unicameral- the practice of having one legislative or parliamentary chamber.a unicameral parliament or unicameral legislature is a legislature which consists of one chamber or house. Some countries with unicameral legislatures are often small and homogeneous unitary states and consider an upper house or second chamber unnecessary.

  9. Bicameral-the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. Thus, a bicameral parliament or bicameral legislature is a legislature which consists of two chambers or houses.

  10. The legislature • bicameral Parliament • Rajya Sabha (Council of States) • Lok Sabha (House of the People)

  11. Rajya Sabha (Council of States) • The Upper House

  12. Upper House • Rajya Sabha (Council of States) • not more than 250 members • 12 are nominated by the President of India • the rest are indirectly elected • by state Legislative Assemblies • The Council of States can not be dissolved • members have terms of 6 years • 1/3 members retire at end of every 2nd year

  13. Lok Sabha • House of the People

  14. Lower House • Lok Sabha (House of the People) • 545 members • 2 are appointed by the President of India • the rest are directly elected from single-member districts • 5-year terms unless dissolved • Lok Sabha elects its presiding officer • the Speaker

  15. Lok Sabha • Elections held at least every 5 years • Prime Minister may call elections earlier • 543 single-member districts of roughly equal population • party nomination • 1st-past-the-post • winner-take-all • women’s share

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