Hazard Communication Training for Hazardous Chemicals | UC Cincinnati

1. 2015 HazCom Orientation OSHA Hazard Communication29 CFR 1910.1200OSHA Laboratory Standard29 CFR 1910.1450 University of Cincinnati Environmental Health & Safety Website ehs.uc.edu Phone 556-4968

2. Course ObjectivesUpon completing this course, you will know how to: • Recognize work-related routes of exposure to hazardous chemicals • Identify and label chemical hazards • Take action to reduce exposure potential • Dispose of chemical waste according to the University’s waste management process • Prepare for emergencies • Identify revisions to the HazCom Std and their effective dates

3. Purpose of HCS “… to ensure that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are evaluated, and that information concerning their hazards is transmitted to employers and employees.” You have a right to know • About the hazards in your workplace • How to protect yourself from these hazards

4. OSHA Hazard Communication Standard Revision To align with the United Nations' Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals

5. Effective Dates of Revised OSHA Hazard Communication Standard

6. Hazardous Chemicals can pose a Health Hazard They may cause measureable adverse changes in the body: • Acute health hazards cause adverse health effects immediately or soon after the exposure • Usually occur from a short term, high dose exposure • Chronic health hazards cause adverse health effects after years of multiple low dose exposure

7. Hazardous Chemicals can pose a Health Hazard • Sensitizers: cause an allergic skin or lung reaction • Latex, chlorinated hydrocarbons • Carcinogens: may cause cancer. • formaldehyde, methylene chloride • Toxic & highly toxic agents: may cause adverse effects at low doses • Irritants: cause redness and swelling of the skin, eyes, respiratory tract • acid gases, aromatic hydrocarbons

8. Hazardous Chemicals can pose a Health Hazard • Corrosives: cause tissue damage and burns on contact with skin and eyes • hydrofluoric acid • Teratogens: may cause birth defects • Organ Specific Hazards: may cause damage to specific organ systems such as the blood, liver, lungs, reproductive system

9. Hazardous Chemicals can pose a Physical Hazard They have a potential to cause harm because they are: Fire Hazards • Combustible liquids • Flammable liquids • Flammable aerosols • Flammable gases • Flammable solids • Oxidizers • Pyrophorics Reactive Hazards • Organic peroxides • Unstable (reactives) • Water-reactives Explosion Hazards • Compressed gases • Explosives

10. Routes of Exposure to Chemical Hazards • Inhalation of dusts, fumes, mists, and vapors • Skin absorption • Ingestion of contaminated food and beverages through poor work habits • Injection-usually associated with BBP

11. Exposure Considerations • Maintain concentrations of airborne contaminants as low as practical below established exposure limits • Most regulatory limits are maintained with a properly functioning fume hood • Single digit and fractional exposure limits may require greater controls • EH&S can conduct personal exposure monitoring to determine exposure levels

12. Examples of OSHA’s Personal Exposure Limits (in ppm)

13. Hazard Identification

14. Safety Data Sheets, previously known as Material Safety Data Sheets • A tool prepared by the manufacturer or importer outlining: • Physical and chemical characteristics • Health and physical hazard information • Control measures • Emergency, first aid, and spill procedures • Protective exposure limit(s)

15. SDS: What is my responsibility? • Update your chemical inventory annually • Obtain a SDS for each hazardous material before it is used • Ensure the SDS file is readily accessible to employees when they are in their work areas • Chemical inventory lists and SDS’s are exposure records, maintain either/both for 30 years after employment

16. Uniform Safety Data Sheet (SDS) format effective June 1, 2015 Section 1, Identification includes product identifier; manufacturer or distributor name, address, phone number; emergency phone number; recommended use; restrictions on use. Section 2, Hazard(s) identification includes all hazards regarding the chemical; required label elements. Section 3, Composition/information on ingredients includes information on chemical ingredients; trade secret claims. Section 4, First-aid measures includes important symptoms/ effects, acute, delayed; required treatment. Section 5, Fire-fighting measures lists suitable extinguishing techniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fire. Section 6, Accidental release measures lists emergency procedures; protective equipment; proper methods of containment and cleanup. Section 7, Handling and storage lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilities.

17. Uniform Safety Data Sheet (SDS) format effective June 1, 2015 Section 8, Exposure controls/personal protection lists OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs); Threshold Limit Values (TLVs); appropriate engineering controls; personal protective equipment (PPE). Section 9, Physical and chemical properties lists the chemical’s characteristics. Section 10, Stability and reactivity lists chemical stability and possibility of hazardous reactions. Section 11, Toxicological information includes routes of exposure; related symptoms, acute and chronic effects; numerical measures of toxicity. Section 12, Ecological information* Section 13, Disposal considerations* Section 14, Transport information* Section 15, Regulatory information* Section 16, Other information, includes the date of

18. Sample of Revised Container Label, effective June 1, 2015

19. Standard Pictograms for container labels to alert users of chemical hazards effective June 1, 2015

20. Secondary Container Labels • Must provide: • The identity and percent composition of the hazardous chemical components • Appropriate hazard warnings • The name and address of the responsible party • The hazard label message must be legible, permanently displayed and written in English.

21. Hazard Warning Diamond 4 Extreme Flammability 3 Serious Health Reactivity 2 Moderate Slight 1 Special Hazards 0 Minimal

22. Controlling Exposures

23. Elimination or Substitution • Eliminate the use of hazardous materials when possible • Substitute with less hazardous materials, equipment, and processes • Use ordinary detergents or enzymatic cleaners instead of dichromate/sulfuric acid mixtures • Use digital or alcohol thermometers instead of mercury thermometers • Reduce the quantities you purchase/use

24. Use Engineering Controls Physically change the machine or work environment to prevent exposures • Initial design specifications • Change the process • Enclose the process • Isolate the process • Use ventilation

25. Tips for Effectively Using Fume Hoods • Keep your lab doors closed • Adjust the sash to the lowest level for convenient use • Work at least six inches inside the face of the cabinet • Keep the hood free of clutter, avoid use as chemical storage • Avoid heating perchloric acid in regular fume hoods • Place materials along the side panels, avoid placement in front of rear slots

26. Incorporate Good Hygiene and Work Practices • Wash your hands • Do not prepare, store, or consume food or beverages where hazardous chemicals are used or stored • Secure compressed gas cylinders • Store flammables in an approved cabinets • Regularly inspect and test peroxide-formers • Segregate stored chemicals by hazard class • Use secondary containment to transport chemicals • Shield equipment from fire and explosion hazards

27. Anticipate exposuresWear personal protective equipment • PPE is used if other controls cannot provide adequate protection • The minimum PPE that should be worn while handling chemicals: • Gloves • Safety glasses/goggles • Lab coat

28. Anticipate exposuresWear personal protective equipment Ensure your eyewash is always accessible. Select chemical-resistant gloves based on the hazard. Avoid latex gloves! Have your lab coat professionally laundered.

29. Contact EH&S if you are concerned about needing respiratory protection • Avoid respirators for routine lab work • Before wearing a respirator, you must: • Participate in additional training • Complete a medical evaluation • Receive a fit test

30. Dispose of Hazardous Chemical Waste • Follow the procedures outlined inAdvisory 7.3: Management of Chemical Wastes • Complete a waste label • Ensure waste is secure and store in an accessible area • Never drain dispose of hazardous chemicals • Avoid storing hazardous waste on the floor • Triple rinse acute hazardous waste (P-list) containers before placing them in the dumpster, dispose of the rinsate as waste • Label empty containers with the word “EMPTY” and take to the dumpster

31. Emergency Preparedness

32. Emergency equipment Minimizes injury should your initial controls fail • Exits & fire extinguishers • Eyewashes • Emergency showers • Electric panels Mizzou Chemistry Lab Explosion, Fox2now, St. Louis

33. Expect spills to occur Take action to clean up chemical and biological spills immediately Contact EH&S if you need assistance Dispose of spill clean-up materials as hazardous waste

34. Expect spills to occur Prepare your spill kit before an incident occurs

35. Identify the improper practice Missing or damaged labels cause identification problems Chemicals stored on floor create tripping hazards and increase the chance of a chemical spill

36. Identify the improper practice Uncapped and unsecured waste bottle increases the potential for spills and exposures No label and the removed tip compromises the container’s integrity

37. Identify the improper practice Unsecured gas cylinders can be knocked over, improperly stored PPE can become contaminated

38. Identify the improper practice Open and unsecured waste container, blocked eyewash, electrical extension cords fed under door, housekeeping and tripping hazards

39. Identify the improper practice Contaminated work surfaces, excessive storage impedes air flow, the fume hood sash is open greater than 18 inches

40. About Nanotechnology. . . • Engineered structures, devices, and systems that have a length scale between 1 and 100 nanometers • Remain suspended for days to weeks if released into the air • Routes of exposure include inhalation, ingestion, and skin penetration • Some nanoparticles can enter the brain directly by means of the olfactory pathway from the nose • Source enclosure and local exhaust ventilation are currently accepted controls

41. Strategies to control exposure to nanoparticles • Total enclosure of the process • Partial enclosure with local exhaust ventilation • Limiting the number of workers and exclusion of others • Use of suitable PPE • Reduction in periods of exposure • Regular cleaning of walls and surfaces • Prohibition of eating/drinking in contaminated areas

42. Useful Toolsand Information

44. Websites • UC Environmental Health and Safety: http://www.ehs.uc.edu/ including ChemWatch MSDS Program • UC Chemical Hygiene Plan, Advisory 6.1, available on EH&S website • School Chemistry Laboratory Safety Guide http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2007-107/pdfs/2007-107.pdf • NIOSH Chemical Safety Topic http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/chemical-safety/default.html • NIOSH Nanotechnology Safety Topic http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/nanotech/ • NFPA Hazard Rating Site http://safety.nmsu.edu/programs/chem_safety/NFPA-ratingA-C.htm • OSHA: www.osha.gov and http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.html • OSHA Permissible exposure limits http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/pel/index.html • OSHA Occupational Chemical Database http://www.osha.gov/chemicaldata/ • New Jersey hazardous substance fact sheets http://web.doh.state.nj.us/rtkhsfs/search.aspx • Chemical Reactivity Worksheet from NOAA http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/oil-and-chemical-spills/chemical-spills/response-tools/intro-chemical-reactivity-worksheet.html • Laboratory Safety Incidents from AIHA http://www.aiha.org/insideaiha/volunteergroups/labhandscommittee/pages/laboratorysafetyincidents.aspx

45. Test your knowledge List these causes of work-related injury in order by the most disabling 1=the most disabling 10=the least disabling __ Repetitive motion __ Overexertion __ Roadway incidents __ Bodily reaction __ Falls to lower levels __ Struck against an object __ Caught in or compressed by equipment __ Falls on the same level __ Struck by object __ Slip or trip without falling

46. Test your knowledge List these causes of work-related injury in order by the most disabling 1= the most disabling 10 = the least disabling __ Repetitive motion __ Overexertion __ Roadway incidents __ Bodily reaction __ Falls to lower levels __ Struck against an object __ Caught in or compressed by equipment __ Falls on the same level __ Struck by object __ Slip or trip without falling 9 8 1 6 2 5 4 3 10 7 Liberty Mutual Group’s 2014 Workplace Safety Index