1 / 13

Chapter 23

Chapter 23. Section 4: Napoleon’s Empire Collapses. The Blockade:. Napoleon ordered a blockade to weaken the British by preventing communication and trade. He called this the Continental System: it was supposed to make the Europ e an continent more self sufficient. What went wrong:

lewis
Download Presentation

Chapter 23

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 23 Section 4: Napoleon’s Empire Collapses

  2. The Blockade: • Napoleon ordered a blockade to weaken the British by preventing communication and trade. • He called this the Continental System: it was supposed to make the European continent more self sufficient. • What went wrong: • Blockade not nearly tight enough. • British responded with a blockade oftheir own

  3. The Peninsular War: • Napoleon sent his army through Spain to invade Portugal. • Spanish towns rioted in protest. • When Napoleon deposed the Spanish King and set his brother (Joseph) up as the new King but the people remained loyal to their former monarch. • For 5 years (1808-1813) guerrillas (Spanish peasant fighters) struck the French armies in Spain. • The British sent troops to aid the Spanish against the French.

  4. Russian Invasion: • Breakdown of the alliance between France and Russia. • Napoleon led his army to march into Russia in June of 1812. • As the Russians retreated from the French army they practiced a scorched earth policy. (burning fields and killing livestock so that the enemy has nothing to eat) • Alexander I burned Moscowrather than give it to Napoleon. • Napoleon ordered his army to return to France in November .

  5. Most of Napoleon’s army did not survive the trip back. • The winter temperatures reached 30 degrees below zero. • No supplies

  6. Battle of Leipzig: • Britain, Russia, Prussia and Sweden joined forces against Napoleon and fought him in the German city of Leipzig. • Napoleon’s army was no longer made up of seasoned veterans and were quickly picked apart by the allied forces. • The allied forces then moved toward Paris. • By April 1814 Napoleon gave up his throne and agreed to the terms set by Alexander I.

  7. Escape from Elba: • Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba. • Bourbon King now sat on the throne in France. • Ineffective leader which was all that Napoleon needed to try and regain power. • He escaped Elba on March 1, 1815 and the French people rallied around him. • The European powers allied again to defeat him.

  8. Battle of Waterloo: • The British and Prussian armies attacked together to defeat Napoleon’s armies in the village of Waterloo in Belgium. • This defeat ended Napoleon’s attempt to regain power called the Hundred Days and he was exiled to St. Helena (an island in the South Atlantic).

  9. The Congress of Vienna • Goal: Create lasting peace and stability in Europe. • Congress lasted Eight months.

  10. Klemens von Metternich • Influential Austrian prince • Did not trust the democratic ideas of The French Revolution • Three goals for the Congress: • Prevent future French aggression by surrounding France with strong countries • Restore balance of power • Restore Europe’s monarchies that Napoleon had conquered

  11. Legacy of the Congress of Vienna • Restored European monarchies • French throne restored under Louis XVIII (18th) • Brother of Louis XVI • Ruled as Constitutional Monarchy • Countries to the west of France strengthened. • Promised to aid each other in case of threats to peace • No more wars in Europe for 50 years!

  12. Other Political Changes in Europe • Napoleon’s conquest of Europe spread French Revolutionary ideas among the lower classes. • Made European kings nervous. • Concert of Europe – Countries promised to help each other in case of revolutions. • Nationalism grows in Germany, Italy and Greece • Would eventually lead to revolutions there

  13. Changes in Latin America • Revolt in Spain allowed Mexico to overthrow Spanish control • Likewise, revolt in Portugal allowed Brazil to declare independence

More Related