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Tuesday Warm-Up

Tuesday Warm-Up. Pick up the 3 papers from the table Read the “Mandate of Heaven” & Dynastic Cycle paragraph Glue this in your notebook on page 15 TODAY’s AGENDA: Warm-Up & Notebook organization (15 mins ) Spiral Test Chinese Dynasties Notes Chinese Philosophies Assignment.

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Tuesday Warm-Up

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  1. Tuesday Warm-Up • Pick up the 3 papers from the table • Read the “Mandate of Heaven” & Dynastic Cycle paragraph • Glue this in your notebook on page 15 • TODAY’s AGENDA: • Warm-Up & Notebook organization (15 mins) • Spiral Test • Chinese Dynasties Notes • Chinese Philosophies Assignment

  2. An Edit to the Spiral Test • Question 15: Page 14

  3. Chinese Dynasties China Builds A Bureaucracy Learning Goal 4: Describe the basic beliefs of legalism, Daoism, and Confucianism and explain how classical Chinese leaders created a strong centralized government based on Confucian teachings. (TEKS/SE’s 3A,23A,16C,25A) Essential Question: • What are the basic beliefs of legalism, Daoism, and Confucianism? • How did Classical Chinese leaders create a strong centralized government based on Confucian teachings?

  4. We will take notes on page 16 • It most likely will take up more than 1 page- that’s okay, it will count as page 16

  5. Classical Era: China • Outstanding achievements • Chinese history is generally divided into periods based upon the dynasty thatruled at that time. • From 1027 B.C. to 220 A.D., China was ruled by three main dynasties. • Zhou Dynasty 1027 B.C. – 221 B.C. • Qin Dynasty 221 B.C. – 206 B.C. • Han Dynasty 206 B.C. – 220 A.D.

  6. “Dynastic Cycle” of The Zhou Dynasty, 1122 B.C. – 256 B.C.

  7. Zhou Dynasty 1122 B.C. – 256 B.C. • Zhou rulers justified their rule as the Mandate of Heaven • Belief that the dynasty was chosen to rule by heaven • If things start to go wrong under a dynasty (floods, drought, riots, etc.) that meant the dynasty had lost the Mandate of Heaven • It was then the citizens duty to overthrow them • ChineseDynastic Cycle begins • Zhou Dynasty was based on feudal rule • Land was given to nobles in exchange for military service

  8. “Dynastic Cycle” of a The Qin Dynasty

  9. Qin Dynasty 221 B.C.- 206 B.C. • End of the Zhou Dynasty • By the 6th century B.C. local nobles became too powerful for the rulers to control and China was plunged into a period of civil war called the Warring States Period • The Qin Dynastyarose from the Warring States Periodin 221 BCE • The Qin leaders used a philosophy of harsh, strict rule to dominate their neighbors in western China. • Qin Shi Huangdi, was the first ruler of the Qin Dynasty from 221-210 BCE • He was a harsh yet skillful ruler • He divided China into administrative provinces • Qin Shi Huangdi was a ruthless ruler, he forced his people to work, burned Confucians to death, and burnt all works of literature.

  10. QIN DYNASTY (CONT.) • Despite his ruthlessness, the Qins were quite successful in some ways. • Qin accomplishments: • common language • common currency • ordered the building of roads • constructed the first fortifications of the Great Wall • standardized laws in the region • contributed to the unification of China. • After Qin Shi Huangdi died • rebellions and violent revolts • The dynasty did not last very long • Han Dynasty quickly took over

  11. “Dynastic Cycle” of a The Han Dynasty

  12. Established in 206 BCE, • Ruled China for over 400 years • This dynasty was so influential that some Chinese still call themselves “people of Han” • The Han de-emphasized Legalism in favor of Confucianism • established a centralized system of government to run the empire • Developed a strong central bureaucracy by introducing the Civil Service Exam • In order to get a job in the govt. one had to pass the test • Tested over knowledge of history and Confucian philosophy • Provided a way for commoners to move up the social ladder

  13. Paper was invented during this dynasty in 105 BCE • Stirrups for horses were invented • Population under this dynasty swelled to 60 million • Economic imbalance allowed the rich to grow richer at the expense of the poor. During this time, political instability grew • Eventually, in 220 AD, the Han dynasty collapsed into three separate kingdoms.

  14. The Silk Road • Trails for trade between Asia, India, and Rome • The road was primarily established on silk trade and other luxury items, • also involved in the spread of ideas and beliefs, contributing to cultural diffusion between the major regions of the time period.

  15. Chinese Ideologies: Legalism, Confucianism, and Daoism With 1 partner or on your own, you’ll learn about 3 different Chinese ideologiesdirections: 1. complete the reading2. complete the chart3. fill in the exit ticket correctly!

  16. This ideology developed during the Warring States Period. • Followers of this ideology believe that humans are inherently evil and will only obey authority through force. • Important characteristics include: • Strict laws • Harsh punishments • The sacrifice of personal freedom for the good of the state • This ideology was embraced by the Qin Dynasty (221 BCE – 207 BCE), and it heavily influenced the ruler Shi Huangdi’s political decisions.

  17. Founded by the philosopher LaoTzu in the 6th Century BCE • It arose during The Warring States Period in-between the rule of the Zhou Dynastyand the Qin Dynasty • It originated as a proposed way to politically organize China • Beliefs: • Encouraged followers to avoid useless struggles by following The Dao (the path) • Shunned political and military ambitions as lacking morality and meaning • Guided its followers to nature for comfort and understanding • Characteristics: • Emphasizes acceptance and individual retreat from society • It has around 20 million followers today

  18. Confucianism is an ancient Chinese philosophy, which was first developed in the 5th century BCE • The Chinese philosopher Confucius, who lived from 551 B.C.E to 479 B.C.E., was the founder of Confucianism • Confucius emphasized the importance of hierarchical, harmonious relationships between people, and that everyone has a place in society, from the wealthiest ruler to the lowliest subject. • Confucianism was embraced by the Han Dynasty, and the family hierarchy became the basis for government structure • The concepts that Confucius developed (such as the importance of family) can still be seen in East Asian culture today

  19. This is a Confucian idea that describes how to respect one’s elders. • It applied to your house, your parents, and your ancestors. • Filial Piety is based on the Five Relationships • Ruler & Subject • Husband & Wife • Father & Son • Elder Brother & Younger Brother • Elder Friend & Younger Friend

  20. Quotes Practice and Exit Ticket • Using your notes and the readings, complete the Chinese Philosophy Quote Practice. • When you have finished, turn that in and complete the exit ticket • When you have finished both things, STUDY YOUR VOCABULARY!!!

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