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Chapter 25: Local Government and Finance

Chapter 25: Local Government and Finance. Section 2: Cities and Metropolitan Areas TLW: Develop an understanding of city planning and leadership of local government. Objectives.

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Chapter 25: Local Government and Finance

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  1. Chapter 25: Local Government and Finance Section 2: Cities and Metropolitan Areas TLW: Develop an understanding of city planning and leadership of local government.

  2. Objectives • Concept 3: Functions of Government: Laws and policies are developed to govern, protect, and promote the well-being of the people. • Analyze the functions of government as defined in the Preamble to the Constitution. • Examine various sources of government funding: federal—income tax, duties , excise taxes, corporate tax state—income tax, sales tax local—property tax, sales tax • Describe the regulatory functions of government pertaining to consumer protection, environment, health, labor, transportation, and communication. • Describe the factors and processes that determine major domestic policies (e.g., Social Security, education, health care, parks, environmental protection).

  3. Chapter Vocabulary • Incorporation • Charter • Mayor-council government • Strong-mayor government • Weak-mayor government • Commission government • Council-manager government • Zoning • Metropolitan area

  4. Sec. 2: Cities and Metropolitan Areas • Incorporation • Charter • Mayor-council government • Strong-mayor government • Weak-mayor government • Commission government • Council-manager government • Zoning • Metropolitan area

  5. How has America shifted from a rural based society to an urban based society?

  6. Why did the population shift from Rural to Urban? • Labor saving farming devices were introduced • Improvements to Transportation • Growth of the Factory Industries

  7. What is the difference between incorporation and charter? • Incorporation is the process a community must under go to become an incorporated municipality • Charter is the city’s basic law • DIFFERENCE: Incorporation is what the State declares a city needs to become an official city while a charter are the basic rules of the city Latin Lesson: “in” = into “Corpus” = body

  8. How is a city set up and planned? What does zoning mean? • Originally, cities were planned haphazardly • Now, federal government ties funding to planning • Zoning—dividing the city into a number of divisions or zones which regulates the property use • Residential, Commercial, Industrial • Example: a neighborhood could be zoned for single family dwellings, no apartments; deprives people of their right to pursue happiness

  9. Review of City Zoning • What happens to residential property values as residents are closer to industrial areas? Water? Parks? Schools? • Which zoned area below makes the most sense to you? Explain why. (red = residential; green = commercial; yellow = industrial)

  10. JAGUARS, BOBCATS, POLAR GRIZZLIES! Above: Ask this guy’s face if a bobcat can hurt you! (Cottonwood, AZ bar March of 2009.) Above: Polar Grizzly hybrid bear shot in northern Canada (Global Warming!). Left: This picture was taken on May 19th in Yuma, AZ at the Yuma Main Canal off of Avenue A (Do not try to look it up on the internet because they want to keep it a secret.).

  11. MACHO B This was trapped and later killed in Tucson 2 years ago! It had eaten 17 small children (most likely).

  12. This is the Puma’s range! • Not supposed to be in Wisconsin and Minnesota!

  13. Jaguar’s Range • Oh, what do you notice? Their freaking range extends to Arizona!

  14. Bobcat’s Range! • They are little but they carry rabies!

  15. What you are about to see is real? • http://kstp.com/news/stories/s1294718.shtml?cat=1 Cougar Spotting in North Metro A north metro neighborhood is on alert after a rare confirmed sighting of a cougar. A police dash camera in Champlin actually caught the big cat (200 pounds) on tape early Saturday morning. Police have stepped up patrols in the area, and want people who live nearby to be on the lookout. Those who live near the cougar sighting say it is an area with several children and pets and they are very alarmed. "There's a cougar loose in this area? Oh my gosh!" said one resident in the area. "It is an issue for public safety when that type of animal is going through a neighborhood. It could cause a lot of problems," said Champlin Police Sgt. Chris Larrabee. Thanks Captain Obvious!

  16. So a bobcat walks into a bar… • http://www.kpho.com/video/19028342/index.html

  17. Don't say I didn't warn you!

  18. Write notes on these 4 concepts. Put on the back of your maps.

  19. Definition of a Mayor-Council form of government. • Oldest and most widely used form of local government • STRONG mayor-council—Mayor and council (5, 7 or 9 members) is elected and then the mayor appoints the Department heads • WEAK mayor-council—Mayor and council is elected and then the council appoints the Department heads Mayor Alan Krieger Deputy Mayor Leslie L. McClendon

  20. Definition of a Commission form of government. • 3 to 9 commissioners are popularly elected • Head the different departments (Mayor, Public Works, Finance, Public Safety, Education) • Problems include: No definite leadership, Try to get their department the most money HISTORY BEHIND THIS FORM: Started in Galveston, TX in 1901 after a hurricane left the city in need of leadership in multiple areas.

  21. Definition of a Council-Manager form of government. • A strong council of usually 5 or 7 members elected • A weak mayor chosen by the voters • A manager, chief administrative officer, appointed by the council • Simple: Council members are the policy makers and Manager is the policy administrator

  22. What are municipal functions? (Cities serve their residents!) • Provide police and fire protection • Maintain streets, sidewalks, bridges, parks, play grounds, golf courses, libraries, airports, etc. • Operate water, gas, light and transportation systems • Regulate pollution, traffic, building codes, and public utilities

  23. What problems were caused by people fleeing to suburban areas? What is a metropolitan area? • Suburbs are the areas outside of the city • Starting in the 1950s rich families moved to cheaper land outside the city • Led to less spending in the city centers • Metropolitan areas are the cities and areas around them

  24. Review of Main Concepts • What is a city’s basic law called? • In a commission form of gov’t what do the council members do? • Council-members or the city manager: Who would decide whether or not to pass a zoning ordinance? • Why would someone argue that city zoning denies people their civil liberties? • Cities serve their __________ and counties serve the ___________. • What three reasons the US population changed from a rural to an urban society? • What is the city and its surrounding areas called? • How are a suburbanites needs different from a city dwellers?

  25. Sec. 2 Assessment (p. 732) • Plan and zone a city (Any shape you want to make). • Your plan must have a key showing residential, industrial and commercial zones. • Explain why you zoned the city the way you did. There must be a method behind your madness!

  26. Texas Education Board: “Banning subjects from history texts…and adding others!”

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