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Introduction to AP Human Geography – Day 2

Introduction to AP Human Geography – Day 2. Mr. Stepek. Map legend/key. For analysis purposes special attention MUST be placed on the map index or legend Identifies scale Identifies symbols Identifies color coding. Thematic Types of Maps: choropleth. unit is assigned color

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Introduction to AP Human Geography – Day 2

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  1. Introduction to AP Human Geography – Day 2 Mr. Stepek

  2. Map legend/key • For analysis purposes special attention MUST be placed on the map index or legend • Identifies scale • Identifies symbols • Identifies color coding

  3. Thematic Types of Maps: choropleth • unit is assigned color • best = use shades of same color • darker = greater occurrence of the phenomenon being analyzed • strength • shows dominance of a trait • weakness • level of aggregation/generalization must be considered. • could give false conclusion • must compare “apples to apples”

  4. Thematic Types of Maps: dot maps • dots indicate the # of occurrences in a given area • Best for raw data, not ratios or normalized data • Snow video = early use of GIS • can be described using the three properties of a distribution

  5. Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 • Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) • Arithmetic density = occurrence or population/total area

  6. Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 • Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) • Physiological density = population/arable (farmable) land • measures ability of area to feed its population

  7. Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 • Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) • Agricultural density = farmers/arable land • measures farming efficiency/modernization • consequently – it shows development!

  8. Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 • Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) • Concentration: refers to the proximity over the area in which an item is spread. • Cluster/agglomeration = close together • Dispersed/scattered = spread out

  9. Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 • Density: • Concentration: • Pattern: how things are geometrically organized within their space. • Linear = along a straight line (any other descriptive shape as well) • Circular, grid pattern, U-shaped, L-shaped, etc. • Random = no discernible pattern

  10. Thematic Types of Maps: isoline/isopleth • similar data is connected by lines • always used for elevation • ex: barometric pressure on weather maps • Data bands assigned colors = isopleth

  11. Thematic Types of Maps: flow line maps Shows movement of people, information, and goods between places

  12. Types of Maps: Topographic Reflects the Earth’s physical features (terrain, elevation)

  13. Graphs in the form of “maps”: Cartograms • Distorts size of a map units to allow comparison of data. • more of a “graph” concept than a map = graph in map form

  14. 2008 Election Results

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