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The Diversity of Plagiarism. Fintan Culwin London South Bank University fintan@lsbu.ac.uk Plagiarism: providing strategies to address the issues HEA Engineering Subject Centre Sheffield 24 May 2006. The Diversity of Plagiarism. academic misconduct. plagiarism. intra corporal.
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The Diversity of Plagiarism Fintan Culwin London South Bank University fintan@lsbu.ac.uk Plagiarism: providing strategies to address the issues HEA Engineering Subject Centre Sheffield 24 May 2006
The Diversity of Plagiarism academicmisconduct plagiarism intra corporal extra corporal intentional accidental habitual occasional plagiarism personation detectable non-detectable student academic direct disguised copy’n’paste paraphrased textual non-textual
Educate Your Students – Beware the Kent Defence http://cise.lsbu.ac.uk/plagposter
Make it Explicit! sharing ideas & mutual support e.g. study groups Encouraged? Co-operation e.g. showing a design or essay structure plan Collusion Tolerated? Do you know? Where is the line? More Importantly - do your students know? e.g. copying from within or without the group Copying Forbidden?
Educate not Instruct or Punish! All first year computing students at LSBU are required to submit a 1,000 essay on an (individual) topic from the history of computing. They are told to use the Web to research the topic, but to write the essay in their own words. The essays are subsequently subject to automated non-originality analysis and a report produced. This is then discussed in a non-threatening educative manner with the students. This is supplemented by a lecture on am, a site giving examples; a reminder in a core unit at the start of the second year and another lecture at the start of the final year project.
Game theory ? Students cheat because the perceived chances of being caught and the perceived punishment if caught are less than than the perceived benefit of cheating, at the time when the cheating occurs.
A diversity of responses acculturalise all students to academic values redesign assessments to make it more difficult to cheat increase the chances of cheats being caught ensure a punitive response when students are caught publicise the consequences of cheating establish an ethos of plagiarism awareness do unto yourselves as you would do unto others!!
establish an ethos of plagiarism awareness blue 03 red 04 green 05
OrCheck OriginalityChecker is an in-house, desktop, single-document, free-of-charge, database (Google) driven, text only, non-proprietary tool. Essentially, it provides some assistance with the process of manually performing a Google driven keyword search and (in particular) with interpreting the extent and significance of any matches in the documents returned. In the final year project investigation it was used to locate URLs to manually feed into the JISC service. It was also used in ‘passive’ mode to prepare evidential reports for the investigation phase.
OrCheck in Operation 1 document loaded concordance generated
OrCheck in Operation 2 search in progress hits obtained
OrCheck in Operation 3 textual comparison graphical representation
PRAISE Prioritised Ring to Assist In Similarity Evaluations is an in-house, desktop, intra-corporal, free-of-charge, stylistic, (text only), non-proprietary tool. It is used to detect and display the degree of similarity between the documents in a corpus. Although designed for text-only use it will operate upon styled texts (though its behaviour is somewhat unknown). It uses the words2 metric, shown from Thomas Lancaster’s - thesis to be efficient and effective. It is intended to allow an OrCheck and/or VAST viewer to be spawned from it for detailed investigation.
PRAISE in Operation 3 The documents are arranged on the torc in gross similarity sequence. Controls are provided to vary the number of documents and the degree of similarity shown. When one document is selected all other documents linked to it, at or above the similarity level are also shown. (From here an OrCheck visualisation will be launched). When two documents (i.e. one link) are selected details of that degree of similarity are shown. (From here a VAST visualisation will be launched) An alternative tabular view of the information also needs to be provided. Extra-corporal Web sourced documents can be included and are shown in a different colour. (An OrCheck style capability to obtain such documents needs to be included.)
VAST Visual Analysis of Similarity Tool is an in-house, desktop, double-document, free-of-charge, stylistic driven, text only, non-proprietary tool. It provides a detailed OrCheck like visualisation and investigation of a pair of documents. VAST is more capable of fuzzy matching than OrCheck and so is more capable of detecting similarity beneath superficial disguises. However it is less precise in its highlighting and is unable to give a (precise) quantitative value to the similarity. VAST can also be used to track changes in the drafts of a document.
VALT Visual ALignment Tool is an in-house, desktop, double-document, free-of-charge, stylistic driven, text only, non-proprietary tool. It aligns two documents vertically attempting to maximise the amount of the two documents that can be directly aligned. A PDF version of the alignment can be produced for evidential purposes. VAST can also be used to track changes in the drafts of a document.
FreeStyler FreeStyler is an in-house, desktop, single-document, free-of-charge, stylistic, text only, non-proprietary tool. It provides rolling-average, interactive graphs of various stylistic measurements. The intention is that if there is more than one ‘voice’ in a document, the differences should become visible in the graphs. (In practice this has not proved to be so easy!). FreeStyler can also be used as a writing tool (checking reading age across a document, ensuring consistency of voice and spelling conventions etc.).
