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Yanomamo Warfare

Yanomamo Warfare. YANOMAMO WARFARE A constant cannot explain a variable. Proximate vs. Ultimate cause Positive vs. Negative feedback systems Resource Competition Protein Scarcity vs. Protein Deficiancy * * * * * Infrastructure  Structure  Superstructure

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Yanomamo Warfare

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  1. Yanomamo Warfare

  2. YANOMAMO WARFARE A constant cannot explain a variable. Proximate vs. Ultimate cause Positive vs. Negative feedback systems Resource Competition Protein Scarcity vs. Protein Deficiancy * * * * * InfrastructureStructureSuperstructure ResourceConflictWeiteri Complex Competition Warfare and Alliances

  3. Chagnon vs. Harris Causes of Yanomamo Warfare Chagnon: --Fighting over Women --”We like meat, but we like women better.” Harris: --Protein Scarcity --Mechanism of Population Control --Male Supremacy Complex --female infanticide

  4. Chagnon vs. Harris Problems with Their Explanations Chagnon: --Female shortage created by Yanomamo themselves. --Only raid villages for women with which raiding already exists. (Warfare, therefore, not explained.) --proximate explanation -- emic explanation Harris: --Protein Scarcity vs. Protein Deficiency (Big Mac) --Yanomamo Shamatari population increase -- from 200 to 2,000 people, 1900 - 1970

  5. Evidence of Protein Scarcity 1. Five-day hunting expeditions with no success. 2. Primary game animal: Monkeys and other solitary animals 3. Lower protein consumption a. than other Amazonian Indians. b. Than the Dobe Ju/’hoansi 4. Reliance on insects for food. (cost/benefit) 5. Evidence of recent adaptation a. Boil bananas only b. Fish only with poison c. Poorly constructed canoes

  6. Amazonian Indians Protein Consumption

  7. Alliance SpiralWarfare Spiral Nomohoni GenearalizedReciprocal ReciprocityWoman ExchangeRaid The Feast Spear Fights Balanced Mutual Feasting Reciprocity Ax Fights Club Fights Side-Slapping Duels Negative Sporadic and Chest-Pounding Duels Reciprocity Reciprocal Trading Yanomamo Politics: Alliance vs. Warfare

  8. House Temperature Decreases Furnace Restores House Temperature Negative Feedback System

  9. Neutron Bomb • Positive Feedback System • M.I.R.V. • I.C.B.M. • Hydrogen Bomb • Atomic Bomb

  10. Yanomamo Positive-Feedback System

  11. Population Pressure Central VillagesPeripheral Villages Larger VillagesSmaller Villages 40 – 25025 - 100 Villages CloserVillages Dispersed higher density lower density Warfare ConstantRaiding less Frequent Patanowa-teri raided some villages not involved 25 times in one year in raids for over 5 years Alliance SystemAlliance System elaborateabsent

  12. Population Pressure (cont.) Central VillagesPeripheral Villages HeadmanHeadman greater authority little authority during warfare CultivationCultivation more important lessimportant FightingFighting more elaborate less elaborate Weiteri ComplexWeiteri Complex more pronounced less pronounced

  13. Population Pressure (cont.) Central VillagesPeripheral Villages Female InfanticideFemale Infanticide greaterless M/FM/F 0-14: 157 / 100 0-14: 121 / 100 all ages: 130 / 100 all ages: 115 / 100 PolyandryPolyandry absent practiced sexual liaisons is polyandry and sexual primary source of liaisons institutionalized conflict in village

  14. Yanomamo Village Expansion

  15. Yanomamo Sociopolitical Evolution

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