1: Personal Computer Hardware

1. 1: Personal Computer Hardware Networking for Home & Small Business

2. What do they have in common?

3. Common Features • Hardware • OS- Required • Application Software

4. Types of Applications • Business/Industry-specific • Designed specially • Medical • CAD • Educational • Mitchell on Demand- Auto • General Use • Wide range use & home • Word processing • Spreadsheet • Accounting

5. Applications Classified • Local Application • Stored on HD • Works on that PC • Network Application • Runs over network (Internet) • 2 components • One parts runs on local • Other part runs on remote host • Email is a good example

6. Activity • Student chatting w/ friend in another room using IM. • Family keeping track of expenses using spreadsheet program on the HD.

7. Activity • Construction company develops a program to estimate cost of building a home. Program loads from CD. • Person sends email to friend I other country.

8. Activity • Real estate agent uses PC to post info about a house that other agents access. • Student types HW using word process program loaded from HD.

9. Classes of Computers • Mainframes • Servers • Desktops • Workstations • Laptops • Hand-held portable devices

10. Servers

11. Servers • Provides important services to end users/ clients • Quick response (multiple CPUs) • Large RAM • Multiple high capacity drives • Used all the time • May have redundant parts to prevent failure • File storage, email storage, web server, etc

12. Workstations • Business computers • 3-D, CAD • Designed for special high-end apps • Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high-capacity drives • Workstations usually have very powerful graphics capabilities and a large monitor or multiple monitors.

13. Workstation vs. Home PC • What do you have? • CPU • RAM • HD(s) • Monitor(s) • Video Card • Media Drive

14. Activity

15. Portable Devices • Laptop, Tablet, PDA, Cell, Gaming • Portable • Can plug into docking station • Advantages? • Disadvantages?

16. Portable Devices

17. Review • Where do workstations & servers keep data stored? • Hard drive • Why would servers require duplicate parts? • Needs to be accessible all the time • What’s another word for duplicate? • Redundant

18. Review • Why hook a laptop to a docking station? • External monitor, more ports • Which are industry-specific applications for software? • Excel, CAD, Word, Address Book, Medical Management • What are the 3 common features of computers? • OS, Hardware, Applications End of Day One

19. Binary • On (1) or Off (0)  BITS • Used to represent letters, numbers, graphics, etc • ASCII • 8 bits = 1 byte • 1KB= 1024 bytes • 1MB= more than a million bytes • 1GB= more than a billion bytes • What’s after gigabytes? • Terabytes (TB)

20. Digital Representation • More detail means more bits needed

21. How does this relate? • MP3 player with a song that’s 32MB • MP3 is a type of compression • 32 million bytes squeezes down to 3MB without loss of quality • Download songs within minutes instead of hours • Hundreds of MP3’s on a small device • Transfer a song from PC with USB cable • USB is 480Mbps or 480 million bits per second • Less than a second speed

22. Flashback • Click Here

23. Digital Communication • Digital info transmits over distances without the quality becoming degraded. • Modem converts bits for travel over media

24. Bits: Data Transfer Rates • kbps • Kilobits per second • Modem is 56kbps • Mbps • Megabits per second • Cable modem is 6Mbps • File download time theoretical

25. Resolution & Frequency • Graphic Resolution measured in pixels • Monitor • 1280 x 1024 • Analog Frequencies measured in cycles • How fast cycle or refreshes • CPU measured in Hertz • 1 Hz= one cycle per second • 300 MHz processor executes 300 million cycles per second

26. Lab • Lab 1.3.2 Determining Data Storage Capacity • Objectives • Determine the amount of RAM (in MB) installed in a PC. • Determine the size of the hard disk drive (in GB) installed in a PC. • Determine the used and available space on the hard disk drive (in GB). • Check other types of storage devices (floppy, CD-ROM, DVD).

27. Lab • Lab 1.3.3 Determining the Screen Resolution of a Computer • Objectives • Determine the current screen resolution of a PC monitor. • Determine the maximum resolution for the highest color quality. • Calculate the number of pixels needed for resolution settings. • Identify the type of monitor and graphics card installed. End of Day Two

28. Review • Describe how a server is different from a workstation. • Name the 3 types of servers we discussed. • What are the two measures for the size of a file?

29. The Computer System • Preassembled • Advantages: • Lower cost • Good for most applications • No wait for assembly • Typical for basic consumers • Disadvantages: • Often lack the performance level that can be obtained from custom built computers

30. The Computer System • Custom Built • Advantages: • You can specify exact components you need • Generally support higher performance applications such as graphics, gaming, and server applications • Disadvantages: • Generally more costly than preassembled PC • Longer wait for assembly

31. Your Considerations • What do you consider to be most important when building a PC? • Motherboard • Processor • RAM • Storage • Adapter Cards • Case & Power

32. Motherboard • Large circuit board • Connects electronics • Allows components to attach • It moves data between components

33. Motherboard • Slots for cards • Sound, Video • Most come integrated • When selecting a motherboard it must: • Support the selected CPU type and speed • Support the amount and type of RAM • Have sufficient slots to accept required cards

34. CPU • CPU • Decide 1st • Speed measured in GHz • Faster= more heat & consume more power • What’s the path data moves on called? • Bus

35. RAM • 2nd most important • What’s multitasking? • May require more RAM

36. Adapter Cards

37. Storage Devices • What happens to RAM when no power? • Non-volatile • Does not go when no power • Magnetic storage devices • HD, Floppy, Tape • Optical storage devices • Read only: CD, DVD • Write once: CD-R, DVD-R • Write many: CD-RW, DVD-RW • Static memory (flash) drives • USB

38. Peripheral Devices • Input devices • Trackball, joystick, scanner, digital camera, digitizer, barcode reader, microphone • Output devices • Printer, plotter, speakers, headphones • Storage devices • Secondary hard drive, external CD/DVD devices, flash drives • Networking • External modems, external NIC

39. Input, Output, Storage or Networking Device

40. Case & Power Supply • Usually sold together • Power supply must handle all devices plus future upgrades

41. Surge Suppressor • What about electrical surges? • Surge suppressor • Remove voltage spikes & surges from power line • Surges can go through cable, phone, network lines

42. Uninterruptible Power Supply:UPS • Internal battery • If power goes out, kicks in • Gives you time to save & shut down • Also protects against surge

43. Review • Which component is the nerve center of the PC? • CPU • Name 2 advantages of buying a preassembled computer. • You want to multitask. Which component is more important, RAM or HD? • RAM

44. Review • Which component connects you to a network? • NIC • Name 2 output devices. • What does a UPS have that a surge protector doesn’t? • Internal battery

45. Lab 1.4 • Handout • Research specific components/peripherals End of Day Three

46. Safety & Best Practices • Before you open the case… • Shut power off & remove cable • DO NOT OPEN MONITORS OR POWER SUPPLIES!!!! • Devices that can be removed while power is on are called… • Hot-swappable • Static electricity transferred from body to components is called… • ESD • Review 1.5.1 (1,2,3)

47. Installing Components • Hot swap or not? • If not, unplug power • Attach grounding strap • Remove old component • Put new one in • Connect cables, close case, power up • Driver might be in OS • Will prompt if not • Get current driver • Test

48. What if it doesn’t work? • Problems? • System Resources are assigned automatically • Check drivers • Power down & reseat device

49. Peripherals

50. Installing Peripherals • Connect on outside of PC • Review 1.5.3 • PnP Device • PnP driver installed 1st • Legacy, driver after connection • If PnP device doesn’t work, what next? • Check cables- is it connected? • Check power- is it on? • Use a testing function- Print test page