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The Roaring Twenties: Cultural Revolution in America

Explore the transformation of American society in the Roaring Twenties, from women entering new careers to the Harlem Renaissance. Witness the rise of jazz, mass media influence, and societal changes through literature and entertainment.

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The Roaring Twenties: Cultural Revolution in America

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  1. II - Women Enjoy New Careers • 1914 National Woman’s Party • Woman’s Suffrage Succeeds -1918(Wilson) 1920 19th Amendment • Behavior/Attitude Changes: -Dresses (shorter & looser), Hairstyles -”Flappers” • NEW Interests/Goals/Jobs & Roles

  2. Section 3: Education and Popular Culture Change • Education “Grows” (enrollment/funding) • Assimilating “Immigrants” (Unique Problems) • News Coverage “Expands - New Interests” • “Tabloids” (exaggerated stories) • (Insignificant Stories Grow) • Ripley’s Believe it or Not/ Guinness Book of: • STUPID Activities to gain attention (flag pole sitting, marathon dance contests) • “Heroes” Charles Lindbergh, Babe Ruth, Red Grange, Knute Rockne, Jack Dempsey, Bobby Jones

  3. American Heroes: -Charles LindberghSpirit of St. Louis -Amelia Earhart • Sports Jack Dempsey/ Babe Ruth/Red Grange/ Knute Rockne, Bobby Jones • Entertainment: • Movies, Amusement Parks, Circus, and thousands of others

  4. Mass Media: (Competition) - (ONE Idea) • Newspapers, Magazines, Radio • BALLYHOO – Huge increase in sensational, exaggerated stories about nothing… • Mass Information AGE Influence and Manipulate PUBLIC OPINION

  5. Mass Information AGE • RADIO – NEWSPAPERS - MAGAZINES • What we SEE – HEAR – EXPERIENCE will “Effect Who We Are” • MOVIES(Charlie Chaplin) • Jazz Singer– Al Jolson 1st sound film

  6. RADIO • Between 1923 and 1930, 60 percent of American families purchased radios.  Families gathered around their radios for night-time entertainment.  • As radio ownership increased, so did the number of radio stations.  By 1922, 600 radio stations had sprung up around the United States. • Movies & Theater r • Roxy Theatre (elaborate-elegant) • Fox Theatre (Atlanta) • “Mighty MO” Pipe Organ • Ethnic Theaters (Ethnic Neighborhoods) Yiddish, Italian-Am., African-Am., others

  7. JAZZ AGE • New Orleans, Memphis, St. Louis, Chicago, New York (Harlem) • Louis Armstrong, Cab Calloway, Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith, Josephine Baker • George Gershwin (composer)

  8. JAZZ STYLES New Orleans -Dixieland Swing King Oliver, Benny Goodman LOUIS ARMSTRONG (Satchmo) BeBop Charlie Parker – Dizzie Gillespie Modern FUSION Miles Davis Modern Soft JAZZ – Kenny G Wynton Marsalis - educating and pushing Jazz

  9. Writers “Speak-Out” - Materialism -single minded pursuit of $ and possessions • -F. Scott Fitzgeraldthe Great Gatsby -E.E. Cummings -Ernest Hemingway (new writing style) • Literature (the Lost Generation) Lost in the Greedy, Materialistic world that lacked Moral Values *out of place, without a country (living PARIS) • Sinclair Lewis (Nobel Prize) • “New Ideas About Society, Government and How We Should Live”

  10. IV. Harlem Renaissance Begins • African Americans Migrate Northward (1910-1920 1 million) • (1920’s 800,000) • Push / Pull Motivations • Jim Crow-Sharecropping / Jobs

  11. 1909 NAACP - National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • “protest racial violence” • W.E.B. DuBois • James Weldon Johnson • NAACP Turns to “Congress & Courts” • Anti Lynching Laws • Individual Court Cases establish LEGAL PRECEDENCE (creates pattern of law) • Plessy v. Ferguson “Separate But Equal” • 1 case, another, another, another PROVES a pattern of “Separate but NOT EQUAL • Brown v. Board of Education

  12. Black Nationalism • Marcus Garvey • (Separatist Movement) • UNIA - Black Pride - “Black is Beautiful” • Promote Black Businesses • Back to Africa Movement • Liberia Africa's first republic, Liberia was founded in 1822 as a result of the efforts of the American Colonization Society to settle freed American slaves in West Africa. The government of Africa's first republic was modeled after that of the United States, and Joseph Jenkins Roberts of Virginia was elected the first president. • Organized “Funds” to raise money (FRAUD)

  13. The HARLEM RENAISSANCE

  14. Harlem Renaissance Begins • “Harlem” becomes center of Black Intellectual and Cultural Life • Art, Music and LITERATURE • Writers (Poetry) Claude McKay, Countee CullenJames Weldon Johnson, & Langston Hughes • Poems with Jazz/Blues Tempo – Equality & Freedom

  15. JAZZ AGE • Louis Armstrong, Cab Calloway, Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith, Josephine Baker

  16. Cotton Club • Savoy Theatre • Apollo Theatre

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