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Residential out-of-home care in Australia: the story so far...

Residential out-of-home care in Australia: the story so far. Jenna Bollinger and Stephanie Scott-Smith jenna.bollinger@gmail.com stephanies2@maristyc.com.au. Residential care in Australia.

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Residential out-of-home care in Australia: the story so far...

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  1. Residential out-of-home care in Australia: the story so far... Jenna Bollinger and Stephanie Scott-Smith jenna.bollinger@gmail.com stephanies2@maristyc.com.au

  2. Residential care in Australia • The vast majority of young people in OOHC live in foster care (41%) or kinship care (47%) (AIHW, 2013). • Approximately 5.2% of young people in OOHC end up in Residential Care (AIHW, 2013).

  3. Pathways into residential care Case Study AB and CD

  4. What we know about residential care in Australia • Residential Care is often viewed as a last resort. Research suggests that young people in residential care tend to have the most negative outcomes. • What is about residential care that leads to more negative outcomes? • Are there benefits of a residential care setting VS foster care setting? • What does the Australian research say?

  5. The presumption that residential care produces negative outcomes may exacerbate any potential negative outcomes for the young person. • Case study: EF and GH

  6. Predictors of long-term disadvantage for young people in residential care • Unresolved anger towards family members, workers or the system; • Unsuitable and unstable placements and multiple changes of carers and workers; • Lack of long-term goals (e.g., education, vocation and living arrangements); • Lack of sufficient income; • Contact with the juvenile justice system and imprisonment; • Lack of preparation for leaving; and • Lack of later contact with the care system.

  7. Placement disruption and the importance of placement stability. • Case study IJ.

  8. Predictors of long-term success for young people in residential care • A positive experience of time in care – stability and consistency; • The development of belief in self and resilience; • The presence of mentors, advocates, previous carers and workers; • After-care support workers; • Family contact.

  9. What we need to know about residential care in Australia • Residential care VS therapeutic residential care Therapeutic residential care has better outcomes • Foster care / Kinship care VS residential care with similarly complex young people? • Post care support / follow-up is essential

  10. Residential care in Australia • Young People in residential care have complex and diverse presentations • Therapeutic Residential Care produces better outcomes than residential care • Residential care can be the best option to met the needs of young people There’s always room for improvement

  11. A final case study • PQ

  12. References Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2013). Child protection Australia 2011-12 (Child Welfare Series No. 55). Canberra: AIHW. Ainsworth, F., & Hansen, P. (2008). Programs for high needs children and young people: Group homes are not enough. Children Australia Volume 33(2), 41-47. Ainsworth, F. (2007). Residential programs for children and young people: what we need and what we don’t need. Children Australia, 32(1),32-36. Bessell, S. (2011). Participation in decision-making in out-of-home care in Australia: What do young people say? Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 496–501. Bromfield, L. and Osborn, A. (2008). Australian research investigating residential and specialised models of care: a systematic review. Developing Practice, 20, 23-32. Bath, H. (2008). Residential care in Australia, Part II: A review of recent literature and emerging themes to inform service development. Children Australia, 33(2), 18-36. Bath, H. (2008). Residential care in Australia, Part I: service trends, the young people in care and needs-based responses. Children Australia, 33(2), 6-17. Bromfield, L., and Osborn, A. (2007). 'Getting the big picture': A synopsis and critique of Australian out-of-home care research. Child Abuse Prevention Issues, 26, 1-38. CREATE Report Card 2009: Transitioning from care - tracking progress, Dr Joseph J. McDowall, 2009. CREATE Foundation. Delfabbro, P., Osborn, A., & Barber, J.G. (2005). Beyond the continuum: new perspectives on the future of out-of-home care in Australia. Children Australia Volume 30(2), 11-18. Paul Delfabbro, Elizabeth Fernandez, Jessica McCormick, Lisa Kettler. (2013). Reunification in a complete entry cohort: A longitudinal study of children entering out-of-home care in Tasmania, Australia. Children and Youth Services Review, 35, 1592–1600. Delfabbro, P., Borgas, M., Rogers, N., Jeffreys, H., Wilson, R. (2009). The social and family backgrounds of infants in South Australian out-of-home care 2000–2005: Predictors of subsequent abuse notifications. Children and Youth Services Review, 31, 219–226. Daly, W. (2013). Young people leaving state out-of-home care: Australian policy and practice. Social Work Education: The International Journal, 32(7), 967-968. Freidrick, S. (2013). Therapeutic Residential Model of Care. Knightlamp. Hillan, L. (2006). Reclaiming Residential Care: A Positive Choice For Children And Young People In Care. Developing Practice, 16, 55-62.Sng, R. (2009). Family therapy for kids without families: working systemically with children and young people in residential care. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 30(4), 247–259. Healy, K., Lundström, T. and Sallnäs, M. (2011). A Comparison of out-of-home care for children and young people in Australia and Sweden: worlds apart? Australian Social Work, 64(4), 416-431. Iannos, M., McLean, S., McDougall, S., & Arney, F. (2013). Maintaining connectedness: family contact for children in statutory residential care in South Australia. Communities Children and Families Australia, 7(1), 63-74. Kaltner, M. & Rissel, K. (2011). Health of Australian children in out-of-home care: needs and carer recognition. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 47, 122–126. McLean, S., Riggs, D., Kettler, L., and Delfabbro, P. (2013). Challenging behaviour in out-of-home care: use of attachment ideas in practice. Child and Family Social Work, 18, 243–252. Osborn, A., & Bromfield, L. M. (2007d). Young people leaving care (Research Brief No. 7). Melbourne: National Child Protection Clearinghouse, Australian Institute of Family Studies. Uliando, A. & Mellor, D. (2012). Maltreatment of children in out-of-home care: A review of associated factors and outcomes. Children and Youth Services Review, 34, 2280–2286. Wahl, L. (2008). Not a Last Resort: Transforming Residential Care for Young People in Victoria. Parity: Framing the Isues,21 (6), 7-8. Ziviani, J., Feeney, R., Cuskelly, M., Meredith, P., Hunt, K. (2012). Effectiveness of support services for children and young people with challenging behaviours related to or secondary to disability, who are in out-of-home care: a systematic review. Children and Youth Services Review, 34, 758–770.

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