Napoleon

1. Napoleon Danielle Brooke Ryan Mod: 3 Ms. Phillips

2. Napoleon Comes to Power • The Napoleonic Empire was the most institutionally uniform and largest European empire in modern times. • Napoleon Bonaparte was the “emperor of the French,” in 1804. • Napoleon fell from power around 1814-1815. • Napoleon Bonaparte was a French general who became a hero in a military campaign in Italy in 1796 and 1797. • He seized control over the government, November 9, 1799. • They needed Napoleon Bonaparte for military support. • A number of political leaders planed to overthrow the directory. • The constitution of the year provided for the consulate.

3. Napoleon Comes to Power Continued • Napoleon’s ambitions lay elsewhere. • The results of his policy of expansion by diplomacy, rather than military aggression, proved among his most seminal schemes, also if rare for their reciprocity. • Napoleon engineered a fundamental territorial reorganization of Germany. • He achieved this in partnership with the rulers of the middle-sized states of western and southern Germany, giving French backing to their own territorial ambitions., • They forced Francis II, the Holy Roman emperor and ruler of Austria, to let them absorb a myriad of both aggrandized and bound to him the rulers of the southwestern German states of Bavaria, Baden, Wurtemberg, Hesse-Darmstadt, and Nassau.

4. Napoleonic Wars • The Wars (1803-1815) were fought between the French emperor, Napoleon Bonaparte (Napoleon I, 1769-1821) and the European powers of Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia. • Ultimately, the wars extended to all corners of the European continent, profoundly affecting European politics, society, and culture. • According to the International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 2008, the wars encompassed eight separate military campaigns divided into three broader periods: 1803 to 1807, the ascendancy of Napoleonic power in Europe; 1897 to 1812, the height of Napoleon’s Grand Empire and 1812 to 1815, the decline and fall of Napoleon’s empire.

5. Napoleonic Wars Continued • In January 1805 Spain joined France in an anti-British alliance. • Napoleon prepared an invasion force. • Britain sought allies to tie the French to the continent. • By summer 1805 England, Russia, and Austria formed a Third Coalition against France. • Napoleon invaded Austria, taking Vienna by the end of November. • Victory over the Third Coalition enabled napoleon to make sweeping changes to the map of Europe. • Germany was abolished in the summer of 1806 and replaced by the Confederation of the Rhine, with France as its protector. • Austria and Prussia were excluded from this new German entity. • The number of German territories was substantially reduced through secularization from 120 to 37. • The Italian Republic, a kingdom after 1804, annexed Venetia, nearly doubting its size.