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Napoleon. Rise to Power. 1795-At 25 hero of the Republic of France 1796-At 26 “the General” victories enemy forces 1799-At 30 control of France’s Military coup d’etat (blow of state) Used his troops and influence to take over the government of France. Napoleon as Leader.
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Rise to Power • 1795-At 25 hero of the Republic of France • 1796-At 26 “the General” victories enemy forces • 1799-At 30 control of France’s Military coup d’etat (blow of state) • Used his troops and influence to take over the government of France
Napoleon as Leader • Victory over anti-French powers Britain, Austria and Russia • 1800- vote of the people all real power to Napoleon vote overwhelmingly in favor of Napoleon • Great success as military leader (except the foreshadowing of Battle of Trafalgar)
Stability and Order • Napoleon wanted: • Strong central government • Strong Economy • Equality in Taxation • Effective tax-collection • National Bank • End of Corruption
Napoleonic Code • Code of Laws end many injustices promoted order But… • Women lost many rights • Freedom of Press and Speech limited
Emperor • Napoleon crowns himself
Napoleon’s Goals • Defeat Britain • Continental self-sufficiency • Expand Empire & Create Strong France • Increase personal power at home
Napoleon’s Mistakes • Continental System • Double-edged sword • Peninsular war • Guerrilla warfare killed many Frenchmen – • others begin to turn against French
This one’s a doozy….. • Napoleon attacks the only rival left on the mainland of Europe, Russia • Napoleon assembles the largest army (the Grande Armee) ever seen in Europe 600,000 men • Russia refuses to fight Napoleon and retreats using a scorched earth policy (leaves nothing behind) • Napoleon takes Moscow and awaits a surrender
Ouch…. • Surrender never comes but winter does • Running low on supplies Napoleon withdrawals • Only 28,000 will survive • Napoleon ditches his army and tries to raise a new one in France • Europe smells blood and unites to defeat him in 1813
Exile—Return—Exile • Afraid that killing him would make him a martyr send him to the small island of Elba (Italy) • Napoleon escapes and for 100 days returns to be Emperor of France • Defeated at Waterloo (1815)