SEABEE COMBAT WARFARE NCF OFFICER SPECIFIC

1. SEABEE COMBAT WARFARENCF OFFICER SPECIFIC 106 General Military Tactics

2. Reference • JOINT PUB 3-10, Joint Doctrine for Rear Area Security • JOINT PUB 3-07, Joint Doctrine for Military Operations Other Than War • FMFM 13, Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Engineer Operations • NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Volume 2 (cont)

3. Overview • Threat Levels and Threat Conditions • Elements of a force protection plan. • Function of a Liaison Officer • Selecting a Landing Zone

4. Military Tactics PQS QUESTION 105.1 Describe the different threat levels and threat conditions. Reference: JOINT PUB 3-10, Joint Doctrine for Rear Area Security

5. Threat Levels THREAT LEVEL I Examples: Agents, saboteurs, sympathizers, terrorists Response: Unit, base, and base cluster self- defense measures.

6. Threat Levels THREAT LEVEL 2 Examples: Small tactical units, unconventional warfare forces, guerrillas. Response: Self-defense measures and response force(s) with supporting fires.

7. Threat Levels THREAT LEVEL III Examples: Large tactical force operations, including airborne, heliborne, amphibious, infiltration Response: May require timely commitment of tactical combat force

8. Military Tactics PQS Question 105.2: Describe the elements of a force protection plan for a detachment deployed to a remote area to conduct a Military Operations Other than War mission.. Reference: JOINT PUB 3-07, Joint Doctrine for Military Operations Other Than War

9. Force Protection Principles of Military Operations Other Than War • Objective: Unity Of Effort • Security Restraint • Perseverance Legitimacy

10. Objective • Direct every military operation toward a clearly defined, decisive, and attainable objective. • JFCs should therefore, translate their political guidance into appropriate military objectives through a rigorous and continuous mission and threat analysis.

11. Unity of Effort • Seek unity of effort in every operation. • This principle emphasizes the need for ensuring all means are directed to a common purpose. • This requires that JFCs, or other designated directors of the operation, rely heavily on consensus building to achieve unity of effort.

12. Security • Never permit hostile factions to acquire a military, political, or informational advantage. • JFCs should avoid complacency and be ready to counter activity that could bring harm to units or jeopardize the operation. • Security may also involve the protection of civilians or participating agencies and organizations.

13. Restraint • Apply appropriate military capability prudently. • Restraint requires the careful balancing of the need for security, the conduct of operations, and the political objective. • Excessive force antagonizes those parties involved, thereby damaging the legitimacy of the organization that uses it while possibly enhancing the legitimacy of the opposing party.

14. Perseverance • Prepare for the measured, protracted application of military capability in support of strategic aims. • Some MOOTW may require years to achieve the desired results. • Often, the patient, resolute, and persistent pursuit of national goals and objectives, for as long as necessary to achieve them, is a requirement for success.

15. Legitimacy • Committed forces must sustain the legitimacy of the operation and of the host government, where applicable. • Legitimacy is a condition based on the perception by a specific audience of the legality, morality, or rightness of a set of actions. • If an operation is perceived as legitimate, there is a strong impulse to support the action.

16. Military Tactics PQS Question 105.3: Describe the function of the Liaison Officer (LNO) within the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) environment. Reference: FMFM 13, Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Engineer Operations

17. Liaison Officer • Designation of a liaison officer is the most commonly employed technique for establishing and maintaining close, continuous contact between commands. • Use of a single individual with the proper rank and experience conserves manpower while it guarantees contact. • A liaison officer will normally remain at the supported headquarters until recalled to the parent command.

18. Liaison Officer • Duties and Responsibilities: • Monitor. The liaison element’s first task is to observe the operations of the assigned unit. • Advise. The liaison element advises both the supporting and supported unit commanders. • Coordinate. The liaison element coordinates and assists the flow of information between organizations.

19. Military Tactics PQS Question 105.4: Describe the key elements to be considered in the selection of a landing zone. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Volume 2

20. Landing Zone Key elements for selecting a landing zone. • What type of helicopters will be using the landing zone. • The position of your unit in regards to the enemy • Time it will take to prepare the landing zone. • Equipment needed to prepare the landing zone.

21. Landing Zone • Approaches and Exits • Must be free of major obstacles that might obstruct landing or takeoffs, such as tall trees, telephone poles, or power lines. • Ground Obstacles • Obstacles such as stumps or rocks, should not exceed 1 foot in height on level ground and should be less on sloping ground.

22. Landing Zone • Gradient (Slopes) • Ground slope has a considerable effect on selecting a landing site or landing point within the LZ. A helicopter cannot land safely in locations where the ground slopes more than 14 degrees. • Surface Conditions • Mud, excessive dust, and loose debris are considered undesirable surface conditions for helicopters.