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DOES NOSTALIGIA FEED ON THE NEGATIVE FUTURE? - EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF NEGATIVE ANTICIPATION ON SPORT TOURISTS’ NOSTALGIA. Heetae Cho (Nanyang Technological University) Dongoh Joo (Texas A&M University) Hyun-Woo Lee (Georgia Southern University). Nostalgia. Definition of Nostalgia
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DOES NOSTALIGIA FEED ON THE NEGATIVE FUTURE?- EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF NEGATIVE ANTICIPATION ON SPORT TOURISTS’ NOSTALGIA Heetae Cho (Nanyang Technological University) Dongoh Joo (Texas A&M University) Hyun-Woo Lee (Georgia Southern University)
Nostalgia • Definition of Nostalgia Mental & Psychological disease (1688) Emotion and Memory • Nostalgia is a positive feelings for the past, with a negative feeling for the present or future (Davis,1979). VS
Nostalgia in Sport • Sports Traditions & Unique Atmosphere • College football fans’ identity and meaning in terms of serious leisure (Gibson et al., 2002). • Findings: Among diverse reasons attending college home football games, they found that football fans missed their home games, and football fans have their own memories regarding not only results of games, but also socializing with others (e.g. tailgating).
2013 Clemson Football • The level of Nostalgic feeling is intensified when a romanticized past is compared against the negative present or future (Davis, 1979).
Methods • Data Collection • Target (Before FSU = 477 ; After FSU = 301) • 778 responses were collected from five football games • Measurement • Nostalgia Scale for Sport Tourism (NSST) (Cho, Lee, More, Norman, & Ramshaw, Journal Travel Research, 2017) • Analyses • Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) Covariate: Past Experience
Results • Multivariate Test • Wilk’s Lambda= .983, F(5, 771) = 2.714 at p < .05. • Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Discussion • This study found a contradicting evidence against the relationship suggested between sports tourists’ nostalgia and their perceptions of the present or the future. • Relationships among mood of hopelessness, disappointment, and nostalgia. • Another plausible explanation might be that it takes time for frustration to have effect on nostalgia.