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El Subjuntivo

El Subjuntivo. No es tan complicado …. En Español. The subjuntivo is not a tense; rather, it is a mood . Tense refers to when an action takes place ( past, present, future), while mood merely reflects how the speaker feels about the action.

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El Subjuntivo

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  1. El Subjuntivo No es tan complicado…

  2. En Español • The subjuntivois not a tense; rather, it is a mood. • Tenserefers to when an action takes place (past, present, future), while mood merely reflects how the speaker feels about the action. • The subjunctive mood is rarely used in English, but it is widely used in Spanish.

  3. Further Explanation • In general, the subjunctive is a verb mood that is used to express an action or state of being in the context of the speaker's reaction to it. • Most commonly (although not always), the subjunctive verb is used in a clause that starts with the relative pronoun que(meaning "which," "that" or "who"). • Frequently, the sentences that contain a subjunctive verb are used to express doubt, uncertainty, denial, desire, commands or reactions to the clause containing the subjunctive verb.

  4. Formula for when subjunctive is used -> S1 + V1 + QUE + S2 + V2 1st VERB 1st SUBJECT 2nd VERB 2nd Subject This VERB has to TRIGGER the subjunctive. It must denote emotion, denial, uncertainty, volition, influence, desire, etc. These must be different. This verb will be in the subjunctive.

  5. Many common expressions introduce subjunctive clauses: • Es unapenaque... "It is a shame that..." • Quieroque... "I want..." • Ojalá... "I hope..." • Es importanteque... "It is important that..." • Me alegro de que... "I am happy that..." • Es buenoque... "It is good that..." • Es necesarioque... "It is necessary that..." • Dudoque... "I doubt that..."

  6. How to form: • Conjugate to the present tense first person singular form. (ex. hablar --> hablo) • Drop the o (hablo --> habl) • Add the opposite ending (habl --> hable, hables, hable, hablemos, habléis, hablen)

  7. Verb Endings • AR • ER • IR

  8. Irregulares

  9. MásIrregulares

  10. …MásIrregulares

  11. -CAR / -GAR / -ZARThese verbs change spelling to preserve vowel sound.

  12. Indicativo = Normal No influence Straight forward Business-like… No emotion Just the facts, ma’am.

  13. Subjuntivo = Hippie Dude Hypothetical… Emotional… Philosophizing… Under the influence… Doubting… Unsure… Desire… In Denial… Not based in reality…

  14. Subjunctive Triggers of Influence } • Querer • Insistir en • Preferir • Mandar • Prohibir • Permitir • Desear • Recomendar • Sugerir • Pedir • Es necesario • Es urgente • Es importante • Es mejor + que + subjunctive Sugieroquehables con tus padres.

  15. Subjunctive Triggers of Emotion } • Alegrarse de • Esperar • Sentir • Temer • Tenermiedo de • Me gusta • Te molesta • Le sorprende • Es extraño • Es increible • Es mejor • Es bueno • Es malo • Es ridículo • Es terrible • Es unalástima • Es urgente • ¡Quéextraño • ¡Quélástima + que + subjunctive Me alegro de quevayas a estudiar en México.

  16. Subjunctive Triggers of Doubt & Denial } • No creer • Dudar • Negar • No escierto • No esseguro • No esverdad • Es posible • No esposible • Es probable • No es probable • Es improbable • No es improbable • No estarseguro/a (de) + que + subjunctive Dudoquehayasestudiadopara el examen.

  17. Videos that Explain Usage • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlJxXPtv0cE&feature=related (Formation - Irregulars) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTTcm9OAcDo&feature=related (Influence) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOsgpBgQDiA&feature=related (Emotion) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sjLJgCkRkjM&feature=related (Doubt and Denial)

  18. Gracias!

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