English Colonial Expansion

1. English Colonial Expansion SWBAT: identify the two areas of English colonial expansion and explain why the British began colonizing North America. Homework: None Do Now: English Colonial Expansion Quiz

2. Beginnings of the British Empire • Political unrest prevented the English from pursuing overseas empires in the 16th century. • During the 1600s this changed and by the 1760s, the British became the largest empire in the world at the time.

3. Early Explorers • John Cabot: explored the coasts of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and possibly New England giving G.B. its first North American land claims. • Sir Francis Drake: trader and pirate. Embarked on voyages of exploration. Known for plundering ships of other countries. Was backed financially by Elizabeth I. • Drake and other pirates secured G.B. seafaring tradition. Sir Francis Drake

4. The British in India • In 1600, Queen Elizabeth I granted a charter to a trading group that came to be known as the East India Trading Company. • Est. trading ports in Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras. • Became centers the British used to expand and solidify their influence. • Became extremely powerful and wealthy and was backed strongly by Parliament.

5. The British in America • Slow to develop colonies in the Americas. • Spent a lot of time looking for the Northwest Passage, a route that would take them straight to the far east without sailing around Africa or S. America. • Henry Hudson was one of the first to search for the Passage.

6. The Beginnings of Colonial Expansion in the Americas • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o69TvQqyGdg • 1. What was the first successful colony in the Americas? What were they hoping to find there? • 2. What are indentured servants? • 3. What crop made Virginia so popular? • 4. What is the difference between Puritans and Pilgrims? • 5. Why is Thanksgiving celebrated? • 6. Why is the Mayflower Compact so significant?

7. Back to the video… What about those places mentioned other than Plymouth?

8. The Lost Colony of Roanoke… • Was founded by Sir Walter Raleigh as an attempt to est. England’s first colony. • In 1587, Raleigh dispatched a new group of 150 colonists to establish a colony on Chesapeake Bay despite failed attempted to previously colonize it. • When relations with the Native Americans went bad, the group convinced John White, their leader, to go back and ask England for help. • It took him 3 years to return to the colony.

9. What he found…or didn’t find : / • His men could not find any trace of the 90 men, 17 women, and 11 children, nor was there any sign of a struggle or battle. • To this day, no one knows for sure what happened to these people.

10. Jamestown • We will get to this on Wednesday, but for now please know that the images to the right never happened. • And even if it did, John Smith would have been in his late 20s and Pocahontas barely a teenager… Gross.

11. But… What makes England’s colonies unique?

12. Self-government • Most European colonies were ruled from the home country. • Most English colonies, however, had some form of representative assembly. YAY ENLIGHTENMENT!! • However, official control resided in England despite these colonies having some autonomy.

13. Mercantilism and Smuggling • Belief that a country should export more than it imports. • British Parliament passed laws that forced colonists to only sell goods to England or taxed certain items, like sugar. • Smuggling became respectable. • Great Britain was pretty lax about enforcing these laws until the mid-late 1700s.

14. Exit Slip • If you were a colonist living in Massachusetts Bay and suddenly the British started enforcing laws against smuggling and collecting taxes, how might you feel/react?