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What’s on the table ? Opportunities and challenges in German/ Polish energy and climate policies. A brief summary of the 16. German- Polish Forum, Warsaw , 29th Nov . 2012 . Kacper Szulecki. Polish energy and climate policy: Background.
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What’s on the table?Opportunities and challenges in German/Polishenergy and climatepolicies A briefsummary of the 16. German-Polish Forum, Warsaw, 29th Nov. 2012 Kacper Szulecki
Polishenergy and climate policy: Background • 1988-1989 - Departing from a state-socialist economy: • Centrallyplanned • Energyintensive • Coaldominated • Underinvestedinfrastructure • Development seen as requiring expansion of energy production • Decapitalization of Polish energy infrastructure • Insufficient integration of energy and climate policies • EU climate policy perceived as a threat to Polisheconomy/energysector • Energy security – primary concern
EnergyNeighbourhood: AnOverview Synchronic areas(potential for bothconflict & mutual benefit) • Gasconnectors • Electricenergyconnectors Asynchronic and Asymmetrical areas(divergence) • Shale gas • Atomic energy Symmetrical areas(mutual benefit) Author: Prof. Krzysztof Żmijewski, Społeczna Rada ds. RGN • Energy efficiency • Smart grids • Prosumer energy • Clean carbon technologies • Low-emissions transportation
Issues on the table Poland: • Uncertainty and lack of information on the instruments of the German „Energiewende” • Strong support for nuclear energy in the energy lobby and scientific community • Large hopes for shale gas as a domestic source • Reconsideringcoal: • Growingneed for import • Controversialquestion of browncoal • Development of coalgasificationtechnologies; energystorage • Doubtsabout RE development • Economicviability • Another form of dependence (aluminum, rareearthelements)
Issues on the table Germany (in relation to Poland): • Need for infrastructuredevelopement • Acknowledging the pressing problem of loopflows • Acknowledging the concernsovergasimports • Russia: a common trade partner • Energy policy inseparable from climate policy • Emphasis on energyefficiency • Suggesting EE as analternative to the Polishnuclear program • Emphasis on renewableenergy • Underliningbenefitsovercosts • Differentapproach to calculation (contextualfactors) • Poland and Germany are representative for two larger groups of EU states – can they increase their political leverage acting together? Can a policy convergence be achieved?
Conclusion: Challenges Poland: • Loop flows • Diversification of energy sources, trans-border infrastructure • Sovereignty in setting own energy mix Germany: • Securing strategic fuel imports • Long-term idea of RE development Common: • Transforming coal (and gas) dependent economies • Climate policy as a common platform? – shared targets • Design of the ETS • Cooperation with Russia