The Race to Explore North America – page 35

The Race to Explore North America – page 35

2. What did Spanish Explorers search for? • Native American civilizations as rich as the ones they found in Mexico and Peru.

1. What did England and France search for? • England and France searched for the “Northwest Passage” *Although the Northwest Passage doesn’t exist, explorers looked for it for centuries. President Jefferson ordered Lewis and Clark to find it when they explored the Louisiana Purchase in 1803! Television series from the 1950s ----

3. What angered Spain? • The Spanish were angered when England and France made land claims in North America. Spain had claimed all they grey areas and Portugal the lighter ones in the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 ---

4. What kind of tension was there in Europe between Spain, England and France? • Religious conflicts were a source of tension between Spain, England and France. *Spain was Catholic and England had replaced the Catholic Church with the “Church of England” under King Henry VIII.

5. What did these conflicts lead to? • These conflicts led to fighting in North America. Spanish soldiers killed each and every French soldier at Fort Caroline in Florida in 1568 -------

6. What became one of the battlegrounds between the Spanish and the French? • Florida

7. What did the Spanish do when they found French settlers at Fort Caroline? • The Spanish massacred the French Settlers. Primary source: The Spanish attack the French settlement at Fort Caroline -----

Spain and England Clash

1. What else besides religious differences led to conflict between Spain and England? • English piracy against Spanish trade

2. List two reasons why Queen Elizabeth fought? • Queen Elizabeth fought to defend England and to challenge Spain’s power at sea. • Spain = Catholic • England=Protestant • During the 1500’s this was like cats and dogs!

3. What were the “daring English sailors” known as? • They were known as “sea dogs”:

4. What did the Sea Dogs use to attack the big Spanish ships? • The English used small ships called “privateers” to to attack the Spanish ships.

Privateers were small but fast private ships that attacked Spanish ships with Queen Elizabeth’s blessings…kind of like pirates with permission. “Sea dogs” was a name for the more famous privateers.

5. What were the bulky Spanish ships called? • The Spanish ships were called Galleons

7. What did Francis Drake do? • Francis Drake raided Spanish ports in South America • Francis Drake was made a Knight by Queen Elizabeth for this. That’s why he was called “Sir”.

6. Who was the first English Sea Dog to sail around the world? • Sir Francis Drake

8. What did the Spanish King do in the summer of 1588? • The Spanish King sent a large fleet of Spanish warships called the Spanish Armada to: • Conquer England • Make England be Catholic again

List two important effects of England’s victory over Spain: • England remained Protestant • The world saw that Spain could be beaten

The Race to Explore North America – page 35