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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA . NATURAL DISASTERS FACED BY PAKISTAN. EARTHQUAKES. GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE. CYCLONES. FLOODS.

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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

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  1. LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

  2. NATURAL DISASTERS FACED BY PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKES GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE CYCLONES FLOODS DEVELOP POLICIES FOR ACTIONS HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST LANDSLIDES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

  3. OCTOBER 8, 2005 PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE

  4. KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE 8:50 AM OCTOBER 8, 2005 M7.6 10 KM (6 MI) DEPTH 79,000 DEAD IN PAKISTAN; 1,400 IN INDIA COLLAPSED SCHOOLS AND HOSPITALS 3 MILLION HOMELESS

  5. THE SEVERITY OF THE KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE WAS RELATED TO ITS MAGNITUDE, SHALLOW DEPTH, SOIL AMPLIFICATION, AND POOR BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES

  6. HAZARD MAPS • INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATION • PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • EMERGENCY RESPONSE • RECOVERY and • RECONSTRUCTION EARTHQUAKE RISK RISK MANAGEMENT ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE DATA BASES AND INFORMATION PAKISTAN COMMUNITIES HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

  7. EARTHQUAKES EARTHQUAKES LIKE THE 2005 QUAKE OCCUR MAINLY AS A RESULT OF INTERACTIONS OF THE INDO-AUS-TRALIAN AND INDIAN (EURASIAN) PLATES

  8. OCCURRENCE • The earthquake occurred in the Main Boundary Thrust Zone (MBTZ), which runs along the Himalayan Arc for about 2,500 km. • The epicenter was near Muzaffarabad, the capital of Pakistani administered Kashmir.

  9. OUTLOOK FOR THE FUTURE • Experts believe that the October 8th earthquake released only about 10 percent of the accumulated strain energy.

  10. TECTONIC PLATES

  11. COLLISION OF INDO-AUSTRALIAN AND EURASIAN PLATES

  12. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES • PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE STRONG GROUND MOTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  13. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES • PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  14. GROUND SHAKING MAP

  15. CAUSES OF DAMAGE INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING SOIL AMPLIFICATION PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND FAILURE) IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN EARTHQUAKES TSUNAMI WAVE RUNUP “DISASTER LABORATORIES” POOR DETAILING AND WEAK CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS FRAGILITY OF NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

  16. ISLAMABAD

  17. MUZARAFFABAD

  18. BALAKOT

  19. BALAKOT

  20. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES • PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE GROUND FAILURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  21. MUZAFFARABAD (LANDSLIDE)

  22. JAMMU, INDIA

  23. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES • CAPACITY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  24. ISLAMABAD

  25. ISLAMABAD

  26. MUZAFFARABAD

  27. MUZAFFARABAD

  28. LAHORE

  29. BALAKOT

  30. KASHMIR

  31. AFGHANISTAN

  32. MUZAFFARABAD FOOD LINE

  33. URI, INDIA

  34. URI, INDIA

  35. JABALA, INDIA

  36. RELIEF FROM USAID

  37. FOOD FROM CHINA

  38. FOOD DISTRIBUTION

  39. FOOD DISTRIBUTION

  40. KAMAL KOT, INDIA

  41. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES • CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTIONIS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  42. TO ACHIEVE EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE - - - • ALL SECTORS OF THE COMMUNITY NEED TO HAVE A ROLE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES THAT WILL LEAD TO COMMUNITY EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE.

  43. LONG-TERM NEEDS OF PAKISTAN • NEED: 2 TO 3 MILLION NEW DWELLINGS THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT. • NEED: NEW SCHOOLS THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT. • NEED: NEW HOSPITALS THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT. • NEED: NEW INFRASTRUCTURE THAT IS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.

  44. CONTINUOUS PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS EDUCATIONAL SURGES AND TRAINING FOR PROFESSIONALS EXPAND SEISMIC AND BUILDING MONITORING SYSTEMS EXPAND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS MODERN BUILDING CODES FOR NEW BUILDINGS MODERN STANDARDS FOR NEW INFRASTRUCTURE STRENGTHENING AND RETROFIT OF EXISTING STRUCTURES EXPAND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION STEPS TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE

  45. IN-COUNTRY BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH LESSONS FROM THE OCTOBER 8, 2005 DISASTER GROUND SHAKING MAPS INFORMATION EDUCATIONAL SURGES AND TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY PROFESSIONALS STARTING POINTS

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