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Bruce Jakosky, University of Colorado Mars Express ASPERA Team Meeting 7-8 December, 2009

Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) Mission. Bruce Jakosky, University of Colorado Mars Express ASPERA Team Meeting 7-8 December, 2009. Potential Importance of the Role of Loss to Space.

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Bruce Jakosky, University of Colorado Mars Express ASPERA Team Meeting 7-8 December, 2009

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  1. Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) Mission Bruce Jakosky, University of Colorado Mars Express ASPERA Team Meeting 7-8 December, 2009

  2. Potential Importance of the Role of Loss to Space • The history of liquid water and of the atmosphere determine Mars’ potential for life throughout time. • There is abundant evidence for climate change and atmospheric evolution. • Loss of atmospheric CO2, N2, and H2O to space has been an important mechanism for atmospheric evolution, and may have been the dominant mechanism. Only by understanding the role of escape to space will we be able to fully understand the history of the atmosphere, climate, and water, and thereby understand Martian habitability. CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  3. What Science Questions Will MAVEN Address? MAVEN will determine the role that loss of volatiles to space has played through time, providing definitive answers about Mars climate history: • What is the current state of the upper atmosphere and what processes control it? • What is the escape rate at the present epoch and how does it relate to the controlling processes? • What has the total loss to space been through time? CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  4. MAVEN Will Measure the Drivers, Reservoirs, and Escape Rates • MAVEN will determine the present state of the upper atmosphere and today’s rates of loss to space. • Essential measurements allow determination of the net integrated loss to space through time. CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  5. The MAVEN Science Instruments Mass Spectrometry Instrument Particles and Fields Package Remote-Sensing Package The MAVEN instruments are all closely based on similar instruments that have flown on previous missions. CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  6. Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) Paul Mahaffy, GSFC CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  7. Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrometer (IUVS) Nick Schneider, LASP CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  8. Suprathermal and Thermal Ion Composition (STATIC) Jim McFadden, SSL CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  9. Langmuir Probe and Waves (LPW) Bob Ergun, LASP CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  10. LPW – EUV Monitor Frank Eparvier, LASP CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  11. Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) Davin Larson, SSL CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  12. Solar Wind Ion Analyzer (SWIA) Jasper Halekas, SSL CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  13. Solar Wind Electron Analyzer (SWEA) David Mitchell, SSL CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  14. Magnetometer (MAG) Jack Connerney, GSFC CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  15. Overall science leads: Bruce Jakosky (PI) Bob Lin (DPI) Joe Grebowsky (PS) Janet Luhmann NGIMS: Paul Mahaffy Wayne Kasprzak IUVS: Nick Schneider Bill McClintock Erik Richard Ian Stewart John Clarke MAG: Mario Acuna (dec’d.) Jack Connerney SEP: Davin Larson Jasper Halekas Rob Lillis AAG: Richard Zurek Bob Tolson Darren Baird IDS: Steve Bougher Tom Cravens Xiaohua Fang Jane Fox Roger Yelle The MAVEN Science Team SWEA: David L. Mitchell Christian Mazelle Jean-Andre Savaud Dominique Toublanc SWIA: Jasper Halekas Davin Larson STATIC: Jim McFadden David Brain Bill Peterson Francois Leblanc LPW: Bob Ergun Greg Delory Laila Andersson Frank Eparvier Tom Woods Phil Chamberlin CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  16. Orbit Insertion: 16 Sept 2014 Ten Month Ballistic Cruise to Mars MAVEN Mission Architecture Launch: November 18, 2013 One Year of Science Operations CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  17. The MAVEN Spacecraft CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  18. Elliptical Orbit Allows Measurement of All Relevant Regions of Upper Atmosphere • Nominal periapsis near 150 km. • Five “deep-dip” campaigns with periapsis near 125 km. CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  19. Aerodynamic Stability for Periapsis Passes in the Upper Atmosphere CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  20. MAVEN Orbit and Primary Mission • Elliptical orbit to provide coverage of all altitudes • The orbit precesses in both latitude and local solar time • One-Earth-year mission allows thorough coverage of near-Mars space CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  21. h < 170 km h < 300 km Latitude and Local Time Coverage • One-Earth-year mission provides coverage of all local solar times and most latitudes. • Figure shows periapsis regions. Apoapsis is, of course, on the opposite side of the planet. CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  22. MAVEN’s Timing in the Solar Cycle CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  23. MAVEN Schedule We are here CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  24. MAVEN’s Ability As A Relay • MAVEN is required by NASA to carry an Electra relay for surface assets (esp. MSL extended mission and ExoMars primary mission). • MAVEN nominally is the backup, with MRO and ODY (and MEx?) being primary. • There’s an inherent trade-off for us between being an effective relay and doing MAVEN science. • MAVEN is not an ideal relay, due to its elliptical orbit. • We’re anticipating (hoping?) that 2016 orbiter will have relay capability and take some of the pressure off of us. CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  25. MAVEN – Mars Express – ASPERA Potential Interactions • Potential for simultaneous Mars Express and MAVEN observations? • Joint MVN – Mars Express – ASPERA science team meeting? • Potential for some joint team members? • Identify missing measurements that could become a component of the 2016 joint ESA-NASA orbiter? CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

  26. The MAVEN Mission Is On Track • MAVEN science goals are tightly focused on understanding atmospheric loss to space through time. • The mission architecture, spacecraft design, and instruments and capabilities were selected specifically to provide the desired science. • MAVEN and Mars Express are highly complementary, and we hope to have significant scientific interactions across missions. MAVEN will provide a comprehensive understanding of Martian volatile escape and atmospheric evolution. Interim MAVEN web site: http://lasp.colorado.edu/maven MAVEN Facebook page – Search on “MAVEN Mars Atmosphere” CU/LASP, GSFC, UCB/SSL, LM, JPL

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