Rui De Oliveira Vienna March 2014

1. Industrialisation of Micromegas detector for ATLAS Muon spectrometer upgrade Rui De Oliveira Vienna March 2014

2. OUTLINE • Principle of the detector • Structure of the detector : BULK or STD • Production techniques • Technology transfer to industry status • Other similar projects • Prices

3. Principle

4. Resistive Bulk Micromegas real cross section

5. BULK Micromegas production steps Read-out board with Cu strips and resistive strips Laminated Photoimageable coverlay SS Stretched mesh on metal frame Laminated Photoimageable coverlay Frame Exposure Development + cure

6. BULK Micromegas examples BULK Technology DUPONT PC 1025 coverlay BOPP Meshes Largest size produced: 1.5m x 0.6m Limited by equipment ILC DHCAL T2K

7. STD Micromegas detector production steps Read-out board with CU strips and Res strips Laminated Photoimageable coverlay Exposure Development + cure SS Mesh on metallic frame

8. STD Micromegas structure Open Mechanical support Drift electrode Pillars (128 µm) Mechanical support

9. STD Micromegas structure Closed Mechanical support Mechanical support

10. BULK advantages: • Limited dead zones at the edge ( good for TPC application) • The PCB is the detector , it can be tested at the production site • Perfect for low mass detector • Self supporting • 100% compatible with mass production tools available in industry • Cylindrical detectors BULK disadvantages: • Production in a clean room is mandatory to avoid dust trapping • Needs temporary frames during production • Limited to 0.6m width in industry (1m at CERN) STD advantages: • Extra Large possible sizes (2.4m x 1m) • Can be re-opened and re-cleaned • Low cost for large detectors • 100% compatible with mass production tools available in industry STD disadvantages: • Needs stiff and flat panels to handle read-out board and drift board • Planarity below 150um is mandatory (but was easily reached in all prototypes) • Paradoxically difficult to build in small size

11. Screen printed resistive layer : Semi automatic machine Printing area 1.5m x 0.9m 50um Kapton + resistive strips 50um Kapton

12. Stretching and gluing of the mesh

13. ATLAS NSW project • Quantity • 1728 modules including 192 spares • Around 1200 m2 • Size • 1/3  2.3m x 0.5m • 2/3  2m x 0.5m • Timescale • 1year • Targeted Companies for mass production • PCB producer • Screen print frame producer • Screen printing company (technical or graphic art)

14. ATLAS NSW project construction step by step

15. 50um Kapton + resistive strips PCB + readout strips

16. 50um Kapton + resistive strips PCB + readout strips 25um solid Glue

17. 50um Kapton + resistive strips PCB + readout strips 25um solid Glue High temp Gluing

18. 50um Kapton + resistive strips PCB + readout strips 25um solid Glue High temp Gluing Pillars creation

19. 50um Kapton + resistive strips PCB + readout strips 25um solid Glue High temp Gluing mesh Pillars creation

20. ATLAS R&D real detector Drift panel Read-out panel • 2m x 1m detector • Read-out board with pillars in 4 parts • 10 mm thick honeycomb panel on both sides

22. Industry status • 3 PCB companies have been chosen for technology transfer (France/Italy/US) • The technology transfer have started 2 years ago • 3 coordinators are following the 3 companies • Companies' technician trainings have been organized at CERN • For sizes up to 50cm x 50cm they are now able to provide all the parts nearly as STD parts • Large single side read-out boards and drift board up to 2.2 x 0.5m  OK • Screen printing of resistive layer up to 2.2m x 0.5m  OK • Pillars on large area  OK • Large size gluing (2.5m x 0.5m) in progress • Vacuum press • Autoclave • Mesh on frame (100% std) • Swiss producer • Stretching 2m x 1m mesh  OK • Max possible size: 3.4m x 2.2m

23. Test already performed • Accuracy of copper strips on the PCB • Better than 50um over 2 meters for the 3 suppliers • Accuracy of drilling and milling • Better than 30um • Resistive layer to metallic layer max misalignment • No influence up to 2 degrees misalignment • Materials: • STD FR4 High TG or equivalent (many suppliers up to 2.2m x 0.6m but only one for 2.4m x 0.6m) • Kapton H foils or equivalentOK • Screen printed resistors or DLC vacuum deposition  OK • Photoimageablecoverlay from Dupont ( we are looking for a second supplier)but OK • Stainless steel mesh  OK • Long term stability • Strong Irradiation test to verify the full life of the detector  OK • Beam test • All the classical test have been performed during short beam test sessions • Some small detector are already running in ATLAS since few years • A set of larger detectors (1m x 0.5m) will be installed soon in ATLAS for real conditions tests

24. Other possible project with similar technology • Geoscience • Muon tomography • Homeland security • Muon tomography • Calorimeters • LHC upgrades • ILC • Muon spectrometers for HEP • LHC upgrades • TPC • LHC upgrade • ILC

25. Price for 50cm x 50cm detector! • List of all the parts or processes needed to create one detector • 2 Stiffening honey comb panels • 1 Read-out board (1D read-out) • 1 Drift board • 1 Kapton foil with resistive strips • Gluing the resistive layer • Pillars made by photolithography • 1 Stainless steel Mesh • Mesh gluing • 1 Drift spacer frame • Screws /o-ring /gas inlet /HV plug • Assembly • For 1 detector 50cm x 50cm the price is in the range of 5000 CHF • For 1000 x 50cm x 50cm detectors we are today below 250 CHF /detector • These prices are based on offers received from European companies

26. Thank youQuestions?