Chapter 32: The Conservative Challenge

1. Chapter 32: The Conservative Challenge Preview:“As frustration mounted over an era of limits, conservatives pressed to restore traditional religious and social values. Ronald Reagan led the political charge with a program to reduce government regulations, raise military spending, and lower taxes….But as the national debt rose sharply and a recession deepened, voters reined in the conservative movement.” The Highlights: The Conservative Rebellion Prime Time with Ronald Reagan Standing Tall in a Chaotic World An End to the Cold War

2. 32-2 The Conservative Rebellion • Born Again • Evangelicals • Moral Majority, Inc (1979) • The Catholic Conscience • Vatican II (1962-1965) • Pope John Paul II McGraw-Hill

3. 32-3 • The Media as Battleground • Topical sitcoms • M*A*S*H • People for the American Way: Norman Lear • The Election of 1980 • Ronald Reagan spoke the language of true conservatism • Reagan made striking gains among union workers, southern white Protestants, Catholics, and Jews McGraw-Hill

4. 32-4 McGraw-Hill

5. 32-5 Prime Time with Ronald Reagan • The Great Communicator • The Reagan style • “Teflon president” • The Reagan Agenda • Supply-side economies • Military Buildup McGraw-Hill

6. 32-6 • The Reagan Revolution in Practice • Environmental controversies • Tax cuts • The Supply-Side Scorecard • The transfer of wealth • The Reagan boom was an uneven one despite continued economic expansion McGraw-Hill

7. 32-7 McGraw-Hill

8. 32-8 “Reagan described the Soviet Union as an ‘evil empire.’ To defeat Communism he supported a sharp rise in military spending. Outlays rose from less than $200 billion under Presidents Ford and Carter to almost $300 billion in 1985, when growing opposition led to some constraint”(1084). • The Military Buildup • Core of the Reagan revolution was a sharp rise in military spending • Star Wars McGraw-Hill

9. 32-9 Standing Tall in a Chaotic World • Terrorism in the Middle East • American Marines sent into Lebanon as part of a European-American peacekeeping force • Terrorist attacks by Islamic fundamentalists bedeviled Reagan • Mounting Frustrations in Central America • Grenada invasion (1983) • Boland Amendment McGraw-Hill

10. 32-10 McGraw-Hill

11. 32-11 • The Iran-Contra Connection • Arms for hostages deal • Lieutenant Colonel Oliver “Ollie” North • Cover Blown • Irangate • From Cold War to Glasnost • Mikhail Gorbachev • Intermediate Nuclear Force treaty (1987) McGraw-Hill

12. 32-12 • The Election of 1988 • Vice-President George Bush versus Governor Michael Dukakis of Massachusetts • Bush won with 54 percent of the popular vote McGraw-Hill

13. 32-13 An End to the Cold War • A Post-Cold War Foreign Policy • The fall of communism • Policy of “status quo plus” • The Gulf War • Saddam Hussein • Operation Desert Storm (1991) McGraw-Hill

14. 32-14 McGraw-Hill

15. 32-15 • Domestic Doldrums • Environmental issues • “Education Summit” • The Conservative Court • The Clarence Thomas hearings • Stance on Affirmative Action • Disillusionment and Anger • S&L crisis • AIDS (early 1980’s) McGraw-Hill

16. 32-16 • The Election of 1992 • Gramm-Rudman Act (1985) • White-collar unemployment • “It’s the Economy…” “What role would the United States play in the post-cold war era, when it stood as the lone superpower in the world arena? That was a question for William Jefferson Clinton as he sought to lead the United States into the twenty-first century”(1098). McGraw-Hill