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Geo Textiles in Construction: Functions, Applications, and Mechanisms

This presentation provides an overview of geo textiles in the construction sector, focusing on their functions, applications, and mechanisms. It discusses the role of geo textiles in separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, containment, and sealing. The presentation also highlights major applications of geo textiles and emerging issues in the Indian geotechnical industry.

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Geo Textiles in Construction: Functions, Applications, and Mechanisms

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  1. FEDERATION OF INDIAN CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY A Presentation On Geo Textiles : Perspective from the Construction Sector By D C DE CONSULTING ENGINEERING SERVICES (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED 19 November 2010

  2. Reinforcement MSE Geo Separations Geo Drains Geotextile Applications in Roads

  3. ASTM D4439 defined a geotextile as follows Geotextile : A permeable geosynthetic comprised solely of textiles. Geotextiles are used with foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical engineering-related material as an integral part of a human-made product structure, or system. Due to the very wide range of applications and the tremendous variety of available textiles having widely different properties, the selection of a particular design method or design philosophy is a critical decision that must be made before the actual mechanics of the design process are initiated.

  4. Geotextile Functions and Mechanisms • An overview of geotextiles, alluded to many applications falling into categories: • Separation • Reinforcement • Filtration • Drainage • Containment • When properly identified, lead to the design-by-function method.

  5. Geotextile choices as available 1. Lightweight Wovens 2. Heavyweight Wovens 3. High Flow Wovens 4. High Strength Wovens 5. Thermally Bonded Non-wovens 6. Needle punched Nonwovens

  6. Geotextile Functions and Mechanisms Separation Bituminious Courses Designed Thickness Aggregate Bases Geotextile Layer Subgrade

  7. Geotextile Functions and Mechanisms Filtration and Drainage Bituminious Courses Aggregate Bases Geotextile Layer Aggregate Drainage Layer Subgrade

  8. Geotextile Functions and Mechanisms Reinforcement This is the synergistic improvement in the total system strength created by the introduction of a geotextile into a soil and developed primarily through the following three mechanisms: One, lateral restraint through interfacial friction between geotextile and soil/aggregate. Two, forcing the potential bearing surface failure plane to develop at alternate higher shear strength surface. And three, membrane type of support of the wheel loads.

  9. Geotextile Functions and Mechanisms Sealing Function New Overlay Pavement Crack with Paving Fabric Reflective Crack without Paving Fabric Old Pavement Base Course

  10. Major Applications of Geotextiles • Separation of Dissimilar Materials • Between subgrade and stone base in paved roads and airfields • Between landfills and stone base courses • Between geomembranes and soil drainage layers • Between foundation and embankment soils for surcharge loads • Between foundation and embankment soils for roadway fills • Between foundation and encapsulated soil layers • Between foundation soils and rigid retaining walls • Between slopes and downstream stability berms • Beneath precast blocks and panels for aesthetic paving e.g. hardscaping

  11. Major Applications of Geotextiles • Separation of Dissimilar materials • Between drainage layers in poorly graded filter blankets • Between old and new asphalt layers • Reinforcement of Weak Soils and Other Materials • To reinforce embankments • To aid in construction of steep slopes • As basal reinforcement over soft soils • To bridge over cracked or jointed rock • To create more stable side slopes due to high frictional resistance

  12. Major Applications of Geotextiles • Filtration (Cross-Plane Flow) • Beneath stone base for paved roads and airfields • Around crushed stone surrounding under drains • Around perforated under drain pipe • As a flexible form for restoring scoured bridge pier bearing capacity • Between backfill soil and weep holes in retaining walls • Between backfill soil and gabions • As a filter beneath precast blocks

  13. Major Applications of Geotextiles • Drainage (In-Plane Flow) • As a drain behind a retaining wall • As a drain at the base of retaining wall • As a replacement for sand or wick drains

  14. Band Drains / Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) These are geocomposites formed of a hollow cored, geotextile wrapped drainage element (geonet) inserted vertically into soft ground to speed up the consolidation process. Prefabricated Vertical Drain Installation of PVD

  15. Band Drains / Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) Kandla Port – Ground improvement Band drains has been adopted to increase the bearing capacity of the site. The following parameters have been adopted:

  16. Band Drains / Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) at Kolkata

  17. Emerging Issues R&D Needs of the Indian Geotechnical Industry The Need to Encourage the Domestic Synthetic Manufacturing Industry Need for Establishing a Geosynthetic Institute in India Standardization in the Field of Geosynthetics Geosynthetics Test Standards and Specifications

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