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Configuring Network Services and Protocols

Configuring Network Services and Protocols. Lecture 2. Windows Server 2003 Network Architecture. 4 major components in networking: client , service , protocol and adapter .

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Configuring Network Services and Protocols

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  1. Configuring Network Services and Protocols Lecture 2

  2. Windows Server 2003 Network Architecture • 4 major components in networking: client, service, protocol and adapter. • Server 2003 has 2 interfaces to make it easier for developers to create clients, services, protocols and adapter software: Network Device Interface Specification (NDIS) and Transport Device Interface (TDI).

  3. NDIS • Developers of network card drivers and protocols can independently write code that communicates with NDIS • Acts as intermediary for all communication between protocol and network card driver • Bindings between protocols and adapters are controlled by NDIS • A single adapter can be bounded to multiple protocols and vise versa

  4. TDI • Transport Driver Interface • Provides clients and services with access to network services • Emulates two network access methods: • Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) • Windows Sockets (WinSock) • NetBIOS is the older network interface • WinSock is used by Internet Explorer, Outlook Express, and other internet applications

  5. Examples of some network services • Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) • Domain Name System (DNS) • Windows Internet Naming System (WINS) • Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) • Network Address Translation (NAT) • Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) • IP Security (IPSec) • Internet Connection Firewall (ICF)

  6. Examples of some network protocols • TCP/IP • IPX/SPX • AppleTalk

  7. TCP/IP TCP/IP became a standard protocol suite: • Compatibility • Scalability • Heterogeneity • Availability – open standards

  8. TCP/IP basics • IP address • Subnet mask • Default gateway • IPCONFIG

  9. Static vs Dynamic Addressing Dynamic • Addressing info can change dynamically • Not configured manually • IP addresses can be “shared” – IP address pool • Easy to make changes/updates • Avoid manual configurations and errors Static • Addressing info doesn’t change – “hard-coded” • Needs to be configured manually • Can’t be used by any other device – “sharing” is not allowed • Easy to make a mistake when entering • Labor-intensive to change/update In Server 2003 it’s possible to specify alternate (static) IP configuration to use if DHCP is not available

  10. DHCP • DHCP server is installed and address ranges (pools) are configured • Clients are configured for dynamic addressing • IP information is “leased” • Newer clients (XP, Vista) that are unable to contact a DHCP server generate an APIPA address in the 169.254.0.0/16 network. As an alternative, a client can be confgured to use an alternate IP configuration.

  11. DNS • WINS is outdated – only older OS clients require it (WinNT or 98) • DNS is the industry standard way to resolve names to IP addresses • DNS requires planning and configuration – forward and reverse lookup zones • Clients need to be configured to point to DNS server(s). This can be accomplished through DHCP • Multiple DNS servers with zone replication can be configured for fault-tolerance and performance improvement

  12. DNS

  13. DNS • Make sure to review and understand all relevant DNS concepts, such as forward and reverse resolution, types of records and DNS caching.

  14. DNS and DHCP integration • DHCP can be configured to register clients with Dynamic DNS.

  15. TCP/IP tools • Ping • Tracert • Nslookup • Ipconfig

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