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Acid & Base Review

Acid & Base Review. Definitions. Arrhenius Acids make H + HCl, HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 Bases make OH - KOH, NaOh, Ca(OH) 2 Brønsted-Lowry Acids donate a proton HCl, HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 Bases accept a proton OH - , NO 3 -, Cl - (all negative ions!). Give the formula for one of each!. pH.

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Acid & Base Review

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  1. Acid & Base Review

  2. Definitions • Arrhenius • Acids make H+ HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 • Bases make OH- KOH, NaOh, Ca(OH)2 • Brønsted-Lowry • Acids donate a proton HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 • Bases accept a proton OH- , NO3-, Cl- (all negative ions!) Give the formula for one of each!

  3. pH • Based on H+ concentration • Each number difference is 10x increase • 0 is most acidic (most H+) • 7 is neutral, pure water • 14 is most basic (most OH-) • pH 3 is ___10___ times more acidic than pH 4 • pH 3 is __100___ times more acidic than pH 5 • A solution of HNO3 might have a pH of _(any number less than 7)____

  4. Neutralization • Acid + Base = Water + Salt • HCl + KOH  __H2O + KCl__________ • HNO3 + LiOH  _H2O + LiNO3__________ • H2SO4 + Mg(OH)2  _2H2O + MgSO4_______

  5. Acid and Metal reaction • Acid + Metal = H2 and Salt • Metal must be above H2 on Table J • 2HCl + Fe  __H2 + FeCl2_________ • H2SO4 + Ag  _H2 + AgSO4__________

  6. Titration • Known acid or base mixed with unknown acid or base • Molarity H+ x Volume of Acid =Molarity OH- x Volume of Base(this is on reference table) • 2 liters of 1M HCl neutralizes 4 liters of an unknown base. What was its molarity? 1M x 2L = X x 4L X = (1M x 2L)/4L = 0.5M

  7. Titration • Some acids & bases make multiple H+ or OH- • Multiply molarity of acid or base by number of H or OH in formula • 2M H2CO3 makes what concentration of H+2M x 2 H = 4 M H+ • 3M Ca(OH)2 makes what concentration of OH-3M x 2 OH = 6 M OH-

  8. Extra Credit Find Acids or Bases in household items (food, cleaning, health, beauty, etc products) Up to 3 items @ +3% each (+10% for all 3) on test Give me: - Name - Where it was found - Formula

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