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CIS 191 – Lesson 7

CIS 191 – Lesson 7. Lesson Module Status Slides – done Properties - done Flash cards Lessons 4-7 - No-stress quiz – done Web Calendar summary – done Web book pages – Commands – Howtos – Skills pacing - Lab – done Final Preparation (Test, Trouble, Build) - done

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CIS 191 – Lesson 7

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  1. CIS 191 – Lesson 7 • Lesson Module Status • Slides – done • Properties - done • Flash cards Lessons 4-7 - • No-stress quiz – done • Web Calendar summary – done • Web book pages – • Commands – • Howtos – • Skills pacing - • Lab – done • Final Preparation (Test, Trouble, Build) - done • Class & lab ISOS • debian-40r4a-i386-DVD-1.iso (for class exercise) • CentOS-5.0-i386-bin-DVD.iso (for Lab 5) • xampp-linux-1.6.8a.tar.gz (final) • diagboot.img (final) • Fedora 8 (Lab 4) • Class VMs • Star – for X demonstration and Lab 5 • Trouble (Final and XC) • Duke (Lab 4) • Dutch (Class exercise – Instructor station only)

  2. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Quiz • Please close your books, turn off your monitor, take out a blank piece of paper and answer the following questions: • True or False? - Package managers like RPM check for dependencies. • Which compression tool is faster, gzip or bzip2? • What command would install the VMwareTools-1.0.5-80187.i386.rpm package?

  3. CIS 191 – Lesson 7 X Windows  = hands on exercise for topic

  4. CIS 191A Course Skills Pacing Lesson 1 VMware Server Ubuntu 8.04 Lesson 2 Partitioning Make file systems RH9 Lesson 3 Booting Dual boot Fedora 9/DOS Lesson 6 RPM, apt-get Tarballs Lesson 5 Troubleshooting CentOS Install Lesson 4 Rooting openSUSE 11 Lesson 7 X windows Debian Install Review Final

  5. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Last weeks Assignment • Questions on previous material or assignments?

  6. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Debian

  7. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Debian GNU/Linux • Debra and Ian Murdock • "Social Contract" with the Free Software Community • Debian will remain 100% free • We will give back to the free software community • We will not hide problems • Our priorities are our users and free software • Works that do not meet our free software standards • APT package management system • Ubuntu, Damn Small Linux, Knoppix many others based on Debian • buzz, rex, bo, hamm, slink, potato, woody, sarge, etch releases

  8. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Debian GNU/Linux Installation TUI based Installation

  9. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Debian GNU/Linux APT Package Manager Adding chess program

  10. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Debian GNU/Linux APT Package Manager Removing chess program

  11. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Debian Install

  12. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Exercise: Debian installation • Install Debian 4.0 • debian-40r4a-i386-DVD-1.iso • Create a VM named dutch with 5 GB hard drive • Install Debian any way you want on the VM • Use APT to install the chess program • apt-get install gnuchess

  13. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer

  14. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer TCP/IP Configuration • IP Addresses • Netmask • Gateway • Name Server

  15. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network Files • /etc/hosts • Contains host name/ip-address pairs • /etc/resolv.conf • Contains DNS name server • /etc/sysconfig/network • Contains host name and default gateway • /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 • Contains IP address and network mask • Note: To make permanent network configuration changes, modify these files then restart the network. For Red Hat use: • service network restart

  16. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network Files • /etc/hosts • Contains host name/ip-address pairs • [root@star ~]# cat /etc/hosts • # Do not remove the following line, or various programs • # that require network functionality will fail. • 127.0.0.1 star.localdomain star localhost.localdomainlocalhost • ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 • [root@star ~]#

  17. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network Files • /etc/resolv.conf • Contains DNS name server • [root@star ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf • nameserver 192.168.0.1 • [root@star ~]#

  18. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network Files • /etc/sysconfig/network • Contains host name and default gateway • Example gateway configuration: • Edit /etc/sysconfig/network • To look like: • NETWORKING=yes • HOSTNAME=station01.mordor.rivendell.middleearth • GATEWAY=172.24.1.100

  19. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network Files • /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 • Contains IP address and network mask • Example DHCP IP configuration: • Edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 • To look like: • DEVICE=eth0 • BOOTPROTO=dhcp • HWADDR=00:0C:29:22:F2:91 • ONBOOT=yes • DHCP_HOSTNAME=star.localdomain

  20. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network Files • /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 • Contains IP address and network mask • Example static IP configuration: • Edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 • To look like: • DEVICE=eth1 • BOOTPROTO=static • BROADCAST=192.168.0.255 • HWADDR=00:0C:29:22:F2:9B • IPADDR=192.168.0.50 • IPV6ADDR= • IPV6PREFIX= • NETMASK=255.255.255.0 • NETWORK=192.168.0.0 • ONBOOT=yes

  21. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network commands • ping ip-address • - tests network connectivity. • ifconfig • - sets or displays network parameters. • netconfig • - configures the host network. • ftp ip-address • - file transfer protocol. • ssh -l login_name [hostname] [command] • scp login@hostname:sourcefile login@hostname:sourcefile • - remote secure copy.

  22. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network commands • ping ip-address • tests network connectivity. • [root@star ~]# ping 192.168.0.1 • PING 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. • 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=8.44 ms • 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=2.93 ms • 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=2.89 ms • 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=2.83 ms • --- 192.168.0.1 ping statistics --- • 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3001ms • rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.830/4.275/8.441/2.406 ms • You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root • [root@star ~]# • Note: Used Ctrl-C to end pinging

  23. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network commands • ifconfig • sets or displays network parameters. • [root@star ~]# ifconfig • eth0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 00:0C:29:22:F2:91 • inet addr:192.168.0.25 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 • inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe22:f291/64 Scope:Link • UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 • RX packets:27512 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 • TX packets:23667 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 • collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 • RX bytes:3439418 (3.2 MiB) TX bytes:2180665 (2.0 MiB) • Interrupt:185 Base address:0x1400 • lo Link encap:Local Loopback • inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 • inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host • UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 • RX packets:35927 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 • TX packets:35927 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 • collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 • RX bytes:2443383 (2.3 MiB) TX bytes:2443383 (2.3 MiB) • [root@star ~]#

  24. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network commands • netconfig • - configures the host network.

  25. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Networking Layer Network commands • ftp ip-address • file transfer protocol. • [root@star ~]# ftp 192.168.0.42 • Connected to 192.168.0.42. • 220 (vsFTPd 2.0.5) • 530 Please login with USER and PASS. • KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type • Name (192.168.0.42:root): cis191 • 331 Please specify the password. • Password: • 230 Login successful. • Remote system type is UNIX. • Using binary mode to transfer files. • ftp> ls • 227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,42,195,109) • 150 Here comes the directory listing. • drwxr-xr-x 2 1000 1000 1024 Aug 22 15:18 Desktop • -rw------- 1 1000 1000 1923179 Oct 06 08:18 lab4.simmsmar • 226 Directory send OK. • ftp> mget * • mget Desktop? n • mget lab4.simmsmar? y • 227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,42,103,188) • 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for lab4.simmsmar (1923179 bytes). • 226 File send OK. • 1923179 bytes received in 0.44 seconds (4.3e+03 Kbytes/s) • ftp> bye • 221 Goodbye. • [root@star ~]#

  26. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 X

  27. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Overview • One of the original open source projects • Developed at MIT • Criticisms of X • Handles fonts poorly • Security issues • Overly complex • Recent improvements to XFree86

  28. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Overview User's System Remote X clients Network X server • X clients are programs with a graphical user interface: • xeyes • xlogo • firefox • gimp • etc. Local X clients

  29. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X The Components of X • Server Component • most important component • controls input devices • controls video hardware • VGA and hardware specific servers • Client Component • clients are what the user sees • window manager provides access to individual clients and windows • e.g. metacity, mwm, twm, sawfish, enlightenment ... • file manager - client that acts as a graphical shell allowing access to the file system • desktop manager - provides login sessions, authentication, and taskbar support

  30. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Understanding the XF86config File • General Format of the File: • 1. File Section • 2. Keyboard Section • 3. Pointer Section • 4. Monitor Section • 5. Graphics Device Section • 6. Screen Section • Testing the Configuration

  31. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Starting an X Window Session • startx shell script – starts up your GUI desktop • x, xinit commands • xdm command • can be run only by root • usually used in startup scripts • shows graphical logon screen xinit (bare bones X server and xterm) x (bare bones X server)

  32. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Window Managers – widgets level (look and feel) • AfterStep • Enlightenment • Fvwm95 • IceWM • Sawfish • Window Maker • mwm • twm twm (Tom's Window Manager)

  33. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Window Managers – widgets level (look and feel) • AfterStep • Enlightenment • Fvwm95 • IceWM • Sawfish • Window Maker • mwm • twm mwm (Motif Window Manager)

  34. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Desktop Environments Debian with Gnome Mandriva with KDE

  35. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X GUI File Managers • File Manager Features • Accomplish same tasks as shell without lengthy commands • Have drag and drop support • Midnight Commander • Nautilus • Easy to use visual file manager • Use mouse to eliminate excessive key strokes • File Managers on KDE • KFM • Konqueror

  36. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Observe how many hidden files there are now for a fresh account that has never run the gnome desktop yet.

  37. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Type X (a capital X) to run the X server

  38. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X To end, type Ctrl-Alt-BS keys at the same time

  39. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X After exiting X you will see all the messages written to tty1.

  40. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Type xinit to run the X server and an xterm terminal

  41. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X To end, type exit

  42. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X After exiting X you will see all the messages written to tty1.

  43. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X To start the full desktop, type startx

  44. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Look familiar?

  45. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X ps –u cis191 shows that thee are a lot more processes used now that with the earlier xinit example Log out to end

  46. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X After exiting X you will see all the messages written to tty1.

  47. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X There are quite a few new hidden files and hidden directories now

  48. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Copy the system xinitrc file to the home directory. cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc .xinitrc Make it a hidden file.

  49. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Enter the xinit command again

  50. CIS 191 - Lesson 7 Understanding X Look familiar?

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